Effectsofnon-couplingchargecoefficientsonexplosionseismic waveenergyincarbonaterocks
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摘要: 针对碳酸盐岩中化学爆炸地震勘探激发地震波能量弱、频率高、信噪比低的现状,为对炮孔装药结 构提出合理的改进措施,建立了耦合与不耦合装药孔壁爆炸载荷及透射波能量的计算模型,并借助MATLAB 编程计算得到解析解。同时在灰岩场地进行了装药不耦合系数Kd 对地震波能量影响的现场实验,应用 基于功率谱的能量分析方法对实验数据进行了分析。理论计算和现场实验研究均表明:地震波信号总能量随 着Kd 的增大而减小;但是当Kd=1.5时,采集的地震波信号主频低、信噪比最高。因此在实际碳酸盐岩储层 中,可采用Kd=1.5的装药结构形式,同时通过加大炮孔装药量以弥补地震信号总能量,从而改善地震勘探 激发效果。Abstract: Aimedatthefollowingcharacteristicsoftheexplosionexcitationseismicwaveincarbonate rockswhichincluding weakenergy,highfrequencyandlowsignal-to-noiseratio,anon-coupling chargecoefficientoftheseismicsourcewasdefinedtoimprovethehole-chargestructure.Calculation modelswereproposedforexplosionloadandtransmittedwaveenergy,andthecorrespondinganalyticalsolutionswerecalculatedbyprogramminginMATLAB. Andthen,thefieldexperimentationwas conductedandtheexperimentaldatawereanalyzedbyusingtheenergyanalysismethodbasedonpowerspectra. Boththetheoreticalcalculationandthefieldexperimentationshowthatthetotaltransmittedwaveenergyissmallerwhenthenon- couplingchargecoefficientisbigger,butthemainfrequency oftheseismicwaveislowerandthesignal-to-noiseratioisthehighestwhenthenon-couplingcoefficientis1.5. So,intheactualseismicexploration,thenon-couplingchargecoefficientof1.5canbeadoptedandthetotalseismicenergycanbeaugmentedbyincreasingthetotalchargemassinorderto improvetheseismicexcitationeffect.
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