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摘要: 将壁厚为2.75mm、外径为100mm的钢质圆柱壳置于75g裸装圆柱形压装TNT药柱产生的爆炸场中进行冲击实验，获得了不同装药条件下圆柱壳的变形破坏特征。实验表明：非接触爆炸条件下，壳壁迎爆面局部破坏呈现碟型凹陷，同时沿壳体轴线方向产生了整体屈曲变形，且装药距离较大或药柱轴线与壳体轴线垂直放置情况下对壳体损伤程度较大；而接触爆炸时，壳壁发生破裂形成破口及破片。利用动力有限元程序LS-DYNA及Lagrangian-Eulerian流固耦合方法对圆柱壳的非线性动态响应过程进行数值模拟，分析了壳壁的屈曲变形过程及迎爆曲面中心点速度、位移时程曲线，计算结果与实验吻合较好。并基于数值计算确定了壳壁发生破裂的临界装药距离。Abstract: By choosing naked cylindrical 75-g-TNT charges as explosion sources, impact experiments were carried out on steel cylindrical shells with the wall thickness of 2.75mm and the outer diameter of 100mm.The damage characteristics of the shells were obtained under different explosion conditions.The experimental results show that subjected to non-contact explosion, the cylindrical shell wall facing explosion deforms in a dish-shaped pit and the whole buckling deformation will occur along the axis of the cylindrical shell direction.The damage of the cylindrical shell is more serious when the shell-to-charge distance is bigger or the axis of the charge is perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical shell.However, the crevasse and fragment will occur under the conditions of contact explosion.By means of LS-DYNA, the nonlinear dynamic response processes of the cylindrical shells subjected to explosion loading were numerically simulated with the Lagrangian-Eulerian coupling method.The deformation processes of the shell walls were described as well as the displacement-time and velocitytime curves of the impact points.The numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental data.And based on the numerical simulations, the critical shell-to-charge distance was determined for estimating the rupture of the shell wall.
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图 8 圆柱壳变形情况数值模拟与实验的对比（方案1）
Figure 8. Numerically simulated deformation of cylindrical shells compared with experiments for the project 1
图 9 圆柱壳变形情况数值模拟与实验的对比（方案2）
Figure 9. Numerically simulated deformation of cylindrical shells compared with experiments for the project 2
图 10 圆柱壳变形情况数值模拟与实验的对比（方案3）
Figure 10. Numerically simulated deformation of cylindrical shells compared with experiments for the project 3
图 11 圆柱壳变形情况数值模拟与实验的对比（方案4）
Figure 11. Numerically simulated deformation of cylindrical shells compared with experiments for the project 4
图 12 圆柱壳破裂情况数值模拟与实验的对比
Figure 12. Numerially simulated damage of cylindrical shells compared with experiment
图 13 临界装药距离条件下圆柱壳的破裂情况
Figure 13. Damage of cylindrical shells under the conditions of critical charge distance
表 1 圆柱壳在各工况下受爆炸载荷的冲击变形模态
Table 1. Deformation mode of cylindrical shells on different test conditions subjected to explosion
实验编号 装药设置 R/cm d/cm r1/cm r2/cm 1 平行 1.5 贯穿破坏 2 平行 3.0 5.8 8.5 17.0 3 平行 4.0 5.4 8.0 16.5 4 平行 6.0 2.8 7.0 13.0 5 平行 8.0 1.3 5.0 9.0 6 垂直 3.0 7.5 10.5 21.0 7 垂直 4.0 5.7 8.5 17.5 8 垂直 6.0 4.1 8.5 17.5 9 垂直 8.0 2.4 6.8 14.5 
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