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摘要: 借助ANSYS/LS -DYNA程序，采用ALE方法描述炸药和空气场，采用Lagrange方法描述玻璃，玻璃除考虑拉应力失效外，还增加了切应变失效判据，并给出了针对不同玻璃的建模方法和计算参数。利用建立的模型对爆炸冲击波对钢化夹胶玻璃、普通夹胶玻璃和浮法玻璃3种常用建筑玻璃的作用过程进行了数值模拟。计算结果可较好地反映实验中玻璃出现的冲切破坏现象，发生破坏时的冲击波超压也与实验结果吻合。研究表明，钢化玻璃比普通玻璃具有更强的抗爆性能，夹层玻璃中的PVB能有效地阻止玻璃的飞溅。Abstract: Based on ANSYS/LS -DYNA, the ALE method was used to describe the explosive and the air flow field, and the Lagrange method was used to describe the glasses.And the tensile stress failure of the glasses was considered as well as the shear -strain failure criterion.The corresponding calculation models and parameters were given for three kinds of architectural glass, respectively.Moreover, the numerical simulations were carried out to analyze the action processes of the explosion shock waves on the toughened PVB -laminated glass, the common PVB -laminated glass and the float glass, respectively.And the anti -explosion experiments were performed on these three glasses to compare with the numerical simulations.The comparisons show that the numerical results can reflect the punching failure phenomena of the glasses in the experiments.When the glasses occur to failure, their shock wave overpressures by numerical simulation are in agreement with the experimental results.Furthermore, the investigated results display that the toughened PVB -laminated glass has a higher explosion resistance than the common PVB -laminated glass and the PVB in the laminated glass can effectively prevent the glass from splashing.
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图 2 不同情况下冲击波超压峰值随爆距的变化
Figure 2. Peak overpressures varied with explosion distance under different conditions
表 1 钢化夹胶玻璃的冲击波超压
Table 1. Shock overpressure of toughened PVB -laminated glass
R/m Δpf/MPa 破坏情况 数值模拟 实验 数值模拟 实验 0.6 0.098 6 0.100 6 未破坏 未破坏 0.5 0.247 0 0.160 1 破坏 破坏 0.4 0.419 0 0.287 1 破坏 局部飞溅 
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表 2 普通夹胶玻璃的冲击波超压
Table 2. Shock overpressure of common PVB -laminated glass
R/m Δpf/MPa 破坏情况 数值模拟 实验 数值模拟 实验 0.8 0.048 3 0.049 6 未破坏 未破坏 0.7 0.067 4 0.068 6 破坏 破坏 0.6 0.098 6 0.100 6 破坏 破坏
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表 3 浮法玻璃的冲击波超压
Table 3. Shock overpressure of float glass
R/m Δpf/MPa 破坏情况 数值模拟 实验 数值模拟 实验 0.8 0.048 3 0.049 6 未破坏 未破坏 0.7 0.067 4 0.068 6 破坏 整体飞溅 0.6 0.098 6 0.100 6 破坏 整体飞溅坏
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