含能材料药型罩的爆炸成型及毁伤作用

万文乾; 余道强; 彭飞; 王维明; 阳天海

doi:10.11883/1001-1455(2014)02-0235-06

摘要: 为了研究由含能材料制备的药型罩爆炸成型过程及其对目标靶的终点效应，设计了球缺形药型罩的装药结构，放置与药型罩曲率相同的缓冲垫在药型罩和主装药之间，运用高速摄影系统拍摄含能材料药型罩的成型过程。实验结果表明，含能材料药型罩在爆炸作用下能够形成弹丸，弹丸速度2km/s左右。含能弹丸穿透20mm厚的装甲钢靶后反应加剧，形成大量的气体。侵彻过程含动能和化学反应的综合作用，穿孔有明显的烧蚀现象，穿孔口径0.5 D，最大穿深1.4 D。利用含能材料制备成药型罩可以实现炸药的直接驱动，这可为含能材料战斗部的工程应用提供参考。

关键词:

Abstract: A hemispherical liner was designed and the cushion with the same curvature as the liner was placed between the liner and the explosive.And the forming process of an explosively -formed penetrator from the liner made by reactive material was recorded by using a high -speed camera.Experimental results show that the liner made by reactive materials can be forged into an energetic penetrator under explosive loading and the velocity of the energetic penetrator can be up to about 2km/s.After perforating the armor steel target with the thickness of 20mm, the energetic penetrator reacts acutely and produces a great deal of gas.The penetrating process of the energetic penetrator is maintained by kinetic energy and chemical reaction.Ablation can obviously be observed during perforation.The diameter of perforation is about 0.5times as large as the diameter of charge and the penetrating depth is about 1.1times as large as the diameter of charge.

Key words:

图 1 战斗部结构示意图

Figure 1. Schematic of warhead

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图 2 实验件

Figure 2. Experimental warhead

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图 3 实验装置布置

Figure 3. Layout of experimental device

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图 4 钢锭

Figure 4. Experimental steel ingot

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图 5 高速摄像实验设置

Figure 5. Setup for high -speed camera

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图 6 药型罩成型过程的实验结果

Figure 6. Experimental results of liner forging process

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图 7 药型罩成型过程的数值模拟结果

Figure 7. Numerical simulation results of liner forging process

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图 8 靶板和后效板的破坏

Figure 8. Damages of the target and aftereffect target

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图 9 钢锭的破坏

Figure 9. Damages of the steel ingot

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图 10 靶后反应的高速摄像照片

Figure 10. Reaction photo after perforating target by high -speed camera

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表 1 反应产物的扩散速度

Table 1. Pervading velocities of reaction products

帧序	R/mm	v/(m·s^-1)
1	110	-
2	297	1 870
3	454	1 570
4	586	1 320
5	677	910
6	765	880
7	828	630
8	885	570

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