双材质复合射流对混凝土的侵彻

肖强强; 黄正祥; 祖旭东

doi:10.11883/1001-1455(2014)04-0457-07

摘要: 为了增大射流对混凝土靶板的开孔直径，并保证侵彻深度满足要求，在传统铜质药型罩与空气接触的一侧增加了铝质药型罩，这样在炸药爆炸驱动下形成内芯由高密度材料、外层由低密度材料组成的双材质复合射流，增大了射流直径。并根据双材质复合射流的侵彻特点，分析了侵彻过程中单质射流侵彻、双滞止点侵彻和单滞止点侵彻下的混凝土开孔直径。X射线实验显示：双材质复合射流成型形态良好，铝罩较厚时射流直径增大；在实验范围内，随着铝罩厚度的增加开孔直径有所增大，并且满足侵彻深度要求。对双材质复合射流的侵彻过程进行了理论计算，实验与计算孔形较好吻合。

关键词:

Abstract: In order to increase cavity diameter and meet the penetration depth requirement of jet penetration into concrete, a double-layered liner that could form a jacketed jet was designed. Moreover, three types of penetration modes during the process of jacketed jet penetration into concrete, including homogeneous jet penetration, "bi-erosion" and "co-erosion", were discussed. Thus, an analytical model for predicting the crater size generated by jacketed jet penetration into concrete is presented. The X-ray measurement show that the state of jacketed jet is fine, and the jet diameter increases with thickness increase of aluminum liner. Penetration experiments show that cavity diameter increases with thickness increase of aluminum liner, and penetration depth agrees with the requirement. The hole profile calculated with the analytical model is in good agreement with the experimental data.

Key words:

图 1 双层药型罩结构及其形成射流示意图

Figure 1. The illustration of the jacketed jet

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图 2 双滞止点侵彻初始孔径形成示意图

Figure 2. The geometry of "bi-erosion" for the jacketed jet

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图 3 双滞止点侵彻到单滞止点侵彻临界状态示意图

Figure 3. The geometry of change criteria for "bi-erosion" to "co-erosion"

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图 4 双材质复合射流聚能装药结构

Figure 4. The charge of the jacketed jet

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图 5 双材质复合射流成型X射线照片

Figure 5. X-ray photos of the jacketed jets

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图 6 双材质复合射流侵彻下混凝土靶板的入孔和出孔

Figure 6. The holes of entrance and exit by jacketed jets penetration into concretes

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图 7 双材质复合射流侵彻下混凝土靶板的孔形

Figure 7. The hole profiles by jacketed jets penetration into concretes

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图 8 侵彻孔径随内芯和外层半径的变化

Figure 8. The ratio of final cavity radius versus core radius

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表 1 双材质复合射流成型X射线实验参数

Table 1. Jacketed jet parameters obtained from X-ray experiments

实验	v_h/(km·s^-1)		D_h/mm		v_t/(km·s^-1)		D_t/mm		L/mm
实验	外层	内芯	外层	内芯	外层	内芯	外层	内芯	L/mm
1, 2	5.932	3.945	6.8	2	1.396	1.396	29	21	150
3	6.048	4.068	4.0	2	1.442	1.442	25	20	153

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表 2 结果对比

Table 2. The results of experiment and calculation

实验	D_en/mm		D_ex/mm
实验	实验	计算	实验	计算
1	55	52	30	32
2	55	50	30	34
3	45	44	30	32

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