Penetration overloading to concrete target for several typical primary explosives
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摘要: 为考核战斗部引信用火工品中起爆药的抗过载性能及适应性，通过火炮实弹射击的混凝土靶侵彻过载模拟实验，分析了典型起爆药在模拟弹中真实的力学环境、失效特性及承载能力。测试与计算结果表明：实验弹丸过载8.7×104g、脉宽持续时间约2 ms、最大速度708 m/s、侵彻深度0.57 m、起爆药惯性载荷最大瞬态作用力为85.34 N、冲量70.17 mN·s、最大瞬态作用能为0.466 8 J、总能量18.656 1 J。在此力学环境下，由于起爆药质量较小，实际承受加速度引起的作用力较小，与静态撞击感度测试作用势能数量级相当，起爆药在实验弹中未发现损伤。Abstract: In order to examine the overloading resistance performance and adaptability of primary explosive in detonator used for fuse, several typical primary explosives' mechanical conditions, failure character and overloading resistance capability in the simulating bomb was analyzed by the penetration experiment on concrete target. Results from test and calculation showed: The overloading value of tested bullet is 8.7×104g, time is 2 ms, the maximal velocity is 708 m/s, penetrating depth is 0.57 m; The maximal transient acting force of primary explosives in inertial load is 85.34 N; Impulse is 70.17 mN·s; The maximal transient action energy is 0.466 8 J; The total energy is 18.656 1 J. Under this mechanical condition, the actual acting force aroused for acceleration is less due to primary explosive' less mass, and it is comparative to impact sensitivity potential energy at static state of primary explosive. No damage and failure of the primary explosive were found in the tested bullet.
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图 1 火炮过载实验样品与工装
Figure 1. Overloading experiment samples and device of primary explosives in artillery
图 2 火炮混凝土过载实验侵彻图片及记录曲线
Figure 2. Intruding photograph and recording curve of overloading experiment
图 3 火炮过载起爆药X光照片
Figure 3. X-ray photographs of primary explosives before and after overloading experiment
图 4 火炮过载起爆药CT图像
Figure 4. CT photographs of primary explosives before and after overloading experiment
图 5 起爆药动态过载后的微观形貌
Figure 5. Microscopical photographs of primary explosives after overloading experiment
图 7 起爆药的力学参数分析图
Figure 7. Mechanical parameters analytic curve of the primary explosives
表 1 火炮过载实验起爆药样品装药条件
Table 1. Charging conditions of primary explosives in artillery
样品 起爆药 p/MPa 7 BNCP 100 9 LA 100 15 LA 50 17 LTNR 50 19 BNCP 50 
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表 2 起爆药的撞击感度的力学性能参数
Table 2. Mechanical performance parameters of impact sensitivity of primary explosives at static state
试样 H50/cm m/kg E/J BNCP 10.6 0.8 0.831 0 LA 27.4 0.4 1.074 1 LTNR 8.2 0.8 0.642 3 PETN 12.0 2.5 2.940 0 RDX 24.0 2.5 5.880 0
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