Numerical simulations on effects of Al/O ratio on performance of aluminized explosives
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摘要: 为了研究铝氧比对含铝炸药在混凝土介质中爆炸性能的影响，采用数值模拟与实验相结合的方法，针对铝氧比分别为0、0.257、0.632的含铝炸药，利用AUTODYN有限元程序建立计算模型，计算了柱形装药在混凝土介质中的爆炸破坏过程，并且得到了在比例距离为2.5~10的范围内，3种含铝炸药爆炸形成的冲击波压力时程曲线。计算结果表明：冲击波峰值压力的衰减指数随炸药的铝氧比增大而减小，衰减指数分别为2.1、1.71、1.60；另外，当含铝炸药的铝氧比为0.257时比冲击波能最大。Abstract: Aluminum to oxygen Al/O ratio is very important to the performance of aluminized explosives. In order to study the influence of the ratio on the performance of explosives in concrete, three kinds of aluminized explosives are taken into account, and their Al/O ratio are 0, 0.257 and 0.632, respectively. In this paper, the damaging process of concrete medium under explosion of cylindrical charge is numerically simulated using AUTODYN program. Meanwhile, within the range of relative distance from 2.5 to 10, shock wave pressure-time curve are obtained by means of numerical simulation and experiment. The numerical study shows that shock wave attenuation exponents are 2.10, 1.71 and 1.60, the exponents decrease with the increasing of Al/O ratio. In addition, shock wave energy is maximum when the Al/O ratio equals 0.257.
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Key words:
- mechanics of explosion /
- Al/O ratio /
- attenuation exponent /
- concrete /
- shock wave energy
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图 3 冲击波时程曲线的数值计算与实验结果对比
Figure 3. Numerical shock wave stress versus time compared with experimental results
图 6 冲击波峰值压力与比例距离的关系
Figure 6. Relationship between shock wave peak load and scaled distance
炸药 w/% η ρ/(g·cm-3) Q/(MJ·kg-1) D/(m·s-1) pd/GPa RDX Al wax HL0 95 0 5 0 1.673 5.879 8 325 29.39 HL15 80 15 5 0.257 1.763 6.736 8 121 23.91 HL30 65 30 5 0.632 1.865 7.594 7 879 22.21 
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炸药 A/GPa B/GPa R1 R2 ω HL0 694.52 13.75 4.55 1.30 0.49 HL15 1 897.54 24.77 5.83 1.72 0.35 HL30 2 225.00 21.59 5.94 1.78 0.38
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表 3 数值模拟与实验结果的比较
Table 3. Comparison of experimental and simulated results
炸药 m/g d/cm R/cm H/cm 实验 数值模拟 实验 数值模拟 HL0 70 10 27.2 24.8 14.1 13.0 HL15 70 10 28.6 26.9 14.5 14.2 HL30 70 10 25.7 23.3 13.6 11.9
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