Measurement and estimation for the flammability limits of binary mixtures of CH4/N2, CH4/CO2and ternary mixtures of CH4/N2/CO2
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摘要: 为了获取甲烷与不可燃组分组成的混合物的爆炸极限，采用一种基于绝热火焰温度的混合物爆炸极限估算方法，对CH4/N2和CH4/CO2这2种二元混合气体及3种不同阻燃剂体积分数的CH4/N2/CO2三元混合气体的爆炸极限进行实验研究，并将实验结果与估算值进行比较。CH4/N2与CH4/CO2二元混合物实验值与估算值在爆炸上限处的平均绝对偏差为0.34%，在爆炸下限处的平均绝对偏差为0.15%。3种不同比例的三元混合物实验值与估算值在爆炸上限处的平均绝对偏差为0.43%，在爆炸下限处的平均绝对偏差为0.20%。结果表明，估算方法对甲烷与不可燃组分的二元混合物与三元混合物爆炸极限的估算均具有较高的准确度。Abstract: Flammability limits for the binary mixtures of CH4/N2 and CH4/CO2 were measured, and the ternary mixtures of CH4/N2/CO2 with three different diluent volume ratios were studied. A method based on the adiabatic flame temperature was introduced to estimate the flammability limits of the mixtures, and the experimental results were compared with the estimated values. The average absolute deviation between the experimental results and estimated values of the lower flammability limit for the two binary mixtures is 0.15%, and for the upper flammability limit is 0.34%. The average absolute deviation between the experimental results and estimated values of the lower flammability limit for the three ternary mixtures is 0.20%, and for the upper flammability limit is 0.43%. The results showed that the method is available for estimating the flammability limits of the binary and ternary mixtures of methane with diluent gases.
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Key words:
- mechanics of explosion /
- flammability limit /
- adiabatic flame temperature /
- mixture /
- CH4 /
- diluent
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图 2 二元混合物爆炸极限实验值与估算结果对比
Figure 2. Comparison of flammability limits of binary mixtures between experimental and estimated results
图 3 三元混合物爆炸极限实验值与估算结果对比
Figure 3. Comparison of flammability limits of ternary mixtures between experimental and estimated results
表 1 CH4与N2/CO2组成的二元和三元混合物的爆炸极限实验和估算结果
Table 1. Flammability limits of binary and ternary mixtures of CH4 with N2/CO2
φ(N2, CO2)/% φl/%(φ(N2):φ(CO2)=0:1) φu/%(φ(N2):φ(CO2)=0:1) 实验 估算 Δ 实验 估算 Δ 0 5.25 5.25 0.00 14.10 14.10 0.00 20 5.33 5.30 -0.03 13.50 12.90 -0.60 40 5.33 5.38 0.05 11.80 11.40 -0.40 60 5.62 5.54 -0.08 9.60 9.15 -0.45 75 6.16 5.87 -0.29 7.38 6.77 -0.61 77 6.53 5.95 -0.58 6.83 6.39 -0.44 78 6.65 5.99 -0.66 6.65 6.19 -0.46 φ(N2, CO2)/% φl/%(φ(N2):φ(CO2)=1:0) φu/%(φ(N2):φ(CO2)=1:0) 实验 估算 Δ 实验 估算 Δ 0 5.25 5.25 0.00 14.10 14.10 0.00 20 5.28 5.25 -0.03 13.40 13.20 -0.20 40 5.18 5.25 0.07 12.10 12.00 -0.10 60 5.28 5.24 -0.04 10.30 10.10 -0.20 80 5.23 5.24 0.01 7.38 6.86 -0.52 85 5.29 5.23 -0.06 6.23 5.65 -0.58 87 5.40 5.23 -0.17 5.40 5.10 -0.30 φ(N2, CO2)/% φl/%(φ(N2):φ(CO2)=1:3) φu/%(φ(N2):φ(CO2)=1:3) 实验 估算 Δ 实验 估算 Δ 0 5.25 5.25 0.00 14.10 14.10 0.00 30 5.35 5.31 -0.04 12.50 12.30 -0.20 60 5.57 5.46 -0.11 9.93 9.37 -0.56 70 5.73 5.59 -0.14 8.65 7.90 -0.75 75 5.89 5.70 -0.19 7.75 7.02 -0.73 78 6.50 5.79 -0.71 6.50 6.43 -0.07 φ(N2, CO2)/% φl/%(φ(N2):φ(CO2)=1:1) φu/%(φ(N2):φ(CO2)=1:1) 实验 估算 Δ 实验 估算 Δ 0 5.25 5.25 0 14.10 14.10 0.00 30 5.36 5.29 -0.07 12.80 12.40 -0.40 60 5.39 5.39 0.00 10.20 9.60 -0.60 75 5.65 5.53 -0.12 8.01 7.28 -0.73 80 5.98 5.64 -0.34 6.89 6.27 -0.62 81 6.50 5.66 -0.84 6.50 6.05 -0.45 φ(N2, CO2)/% φl/%(φ(N2):φ(CO2)=3:1) φu/%(φ(N2):φ(CO2)=3:1) 实验 估算 Δ 实验 估算 Δ 0 5.25 5.25 0.00 14.10 14.10 0.00 30 5.28 5.27 -0.01 13.00 12.60 -0.40 60 5.32 5.32 0.00 10.40 9.80 -0.60 80 5.59 5.43 -0.16 7.25 6.55 -0.70 83 5.85 5.47 -0.38 6.44 5.86 -0.58 84 6.00 5.49 -0.51 6.00 5.61 -0.39 
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表 2 混合物爆炸极限估算中的系数及临界可燃体积分数
Table 2. Parameters in the estimation equations and the critical flammability ratio
φ(N2):φ(CO2) αl αu φc/% 实验 估算 0:1 -6.667×10-3 2.559×10-2 79 78 1:3 -4.966×10-3 2.387×10-2 81 78 1:1 -3.266×10-3 2.214×10-2 82 81 3:1 -1.566×10-3 2.042×10-2 84 84 1:0 1.338×10-4 1.870×10-2 87 87
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