桥梁结构抗爆安全评估研究进展

张宇; 李国强; 陈可鹏; 陈艾荣

doi:10.11883/1001-1455(2016)01-0135-10

桥梁结构抗爆安全评估研究进展

doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2016)01-0135-10

张宇^{1, 2, 3,},
李国强²,
陈可鹏⁴,
陈艾荣²

1.
武警后勤学院建筑工程系, 天津 300162
2.
同济大学土木工程学院, 上海 200092
3.
西安交通大学机械结构强度与振动国家重点实验室, 陕西西安 710049
4.
浙江大学建筑设计研究院, 浙江杭州 310000

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金青年基金项目 51508412

中国博士后基金项目 2014M551451

西安交通大学机械结构强度与振动国家重点实验室开放基金项目 SV2014-KF-17

详细信息

作者简介:
张宇(1983—)，女，博士，讲师，zhangyu1983xinxin@163.com

中图分类号: O383
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-01-02
- 修回日期: 2014-03-10
- 刊出日期: 2016-01-25

Research advances of safety assessment of bridges under blast load

Zhang Yu^{1, 2, 3
,},
Li Guoqiang²,
Chen Kepeng⁴,
Chen Airong²

1.
Department of Building Engineering, Logistics University of PAPF, Tianjin 300162, China
2.
College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
3.
State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
4.
The Architectural Design & Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, China

摘要

摘要: 随着恐怖袭击和偶发爆炸事故造成的桥梁爆炸事故不断增多，桥梁结构抗爆安全问题越来越受到关注。本文中系统总结了桥梁结构抗爆安全评估的研究进展，分析桥墩、桥面、桥索和桥塔爆炸载荷作用下桥梁的理论简化方法和结构的动力响应，和桥梁的连续性、冗余性和鲁棒性对结构连续性倒塌的影响，通过对建筑和桥梁抗连续倒塌的研究现状及相关规范的归纳，明确了桥梁连续倒塌的特性及现行桥梁设计方法的缺陷。而后，就承载能力评估、耐久性评估和适用性评估等桥梁安全评估问题的研究进展进行了梳理，并对桥梁爆破拆除技术和近地下爆炸对桥梁产生的响应和破坏作用进行分析，并针对当前研究的现状，分别提出建议。
- 爆炸力学 /
- 安全评估 /
- 结构加固 /
- 动力响应 /
- 爆炸荷载 /
- 桥梁结构
Abstract: With the potential increase of terrorist attacks and blasting accidents, bridge safety has become a major public concern and greater attention is paid to the safety assessment of bridges under blast load. In this paper, the most recent research of bridges under blast load is systematically analyzed. Firstly, the simplified theories and dynamic response of pier, deck, cable and tower under blast load are sequentially analyzed and it has been demonstrated that the continuity, redundancy and robustness affect the progressive collapse of a bridge. Based on the review of the latest study on the progressive collapse of architecture and bridges and, in view of the relevant standards, the features of bridges' progressive collapse and shortages in the design methods are analyzed. Secondly, the recent study on bridge safety assessment, including load capacity evaluation, endurance evaluation and adaptability evaluation, is reviewed. Thirdly, a study of two specific blast problems of bridges, which are blasting demolition and dynamic response and damage of the bridge under near surface blast, is presented. Finally, suggestions are put forward aiming at rectifying the shortage in the recent bridge safety research
- mechanics of explosion /
- safety assessment /
- structural reinforcement /
- dynamic response /
- blast load /
- bridge structure

HTML全文

图 1 桥墩爆炸下荷载确定方法^[13]

Figure 1. Load determination methods for bridge pier under blast load^[13]

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图 2 桥板下爆炸示意图^[17]

Figure 2. Response of bridge under blast load^[17]

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图 3 桥墩在爆炸与地震作用下破坏模式对比^[21]

Figure 3. Contrast of pier damage models of pier under blast load and earthquake^[21]

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图 4 不同动载下桥墩的弯矩图^[13]

Figure 4. Diagram of pier bending moment under various dynamic loads^[13]

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图 5 梁响应阶段^[28]

Figure 5. Beam response stage^[28]

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图 6 梁端至墩、台帽或盖梁边缘的最小距离

Figure 6. Minimum distance from beam end to pier, cap and coping edges

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