利用液体炸药爆轰制备石墨烯薄片

孙贵磊; 闫鸿浩; 李晓杰

doi:10.11883/1001-1455(2016)05-0715-06

利用液体炸药爆轰制备石墨烯薄片

doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2016)05-0715-06

孙贵磊^{1, 3,},
闫鸿浩²,
李晓杰²

1.
中国劳动关系学院安全工程系，北京 100048
2.
大连理工大学工程力学系，辽宁大连 116024
3.
北京大学力学与空天技术系，北京 100871

基金项目:

中国劳动关系学院一般项目 13YY009

详细信息

作者简介:
孙贵磊(1980—)，男，博士，副教授, sunguilei@126.com

中图分类号: O389
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-07-01
- 修回日期: 2015-11-08
- 刊出日期: 2016-09-25

Preparation of grapheme by detonation using liquid explosive

1.
Department of Safety Engineering, China Institute of Industrial Relations, Beijing 100048, China
2.
Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
3.
Department of Mechanics & Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

摘要

摘要: 强氧化性酸的环境下，石墨易形成石墨层间化合物(GICs)，利用石墨这一特性，将天然石墨置于发烟硝酸中，并加入硝基甲烷，配制成液体炸药，使用塑料容器盛装后放入爆轰反应釜中引爆。收集爆轰产物，并利用XRD、EDX、SEM、TEM、Raman光谱、比表面积与孔隙度分析仪进行分析，结果显示：制备出的石墨烯具有良好的晶体特性并呈现极薄的片状结构，其比表面积达到天然石墨的9.16倍，平均厚度约为14.73 nm。
- 爆炸力学 /
- 石墨烯薄片 /
- 液体炸药 /
- 爆轰剥离 /
- 比表面积
Abstract: Graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) can be obtained when graphite is placed in strong oxidizing acids. Using this characteristic, we prepare liquid explosive by putting natural graphite in strong HNO₃ and mixing it with CH₃NO₂. Then we poured the mixture into a plastic container and placed the container at the center of a detonation reactor to ignite the explosive mixture. After the detonation, we collected and analyzed the soot by XRD, EDX, SEM, TEM, Raman spectroscopy, the specific surface area and porosity analyzer. Results indicate that the prepared grapheme possesses perfect crystal properties and exhibits a structure of thin sheets, with a specific surface area 9.16 times that of natural graphite and an average thickness of about 14.73 nm.
- mechanics of explosion /
- grapheme flakes /
- liquid explosive /
- detonation split /
- specific surface area

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图 1 天然石墨与爆轰产物的XRD图谱

Figure 1. XRD patterns of natural graphite and detonation soot

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图 2 天然石墨与爆轰产物的SEM与TEM图

Figure 2. SEM and TEM images of natural graphite and detonation soot

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图 3 石墨烯的Raman光谱

Figure 3. Raman spectrum of grapheme

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图 4 不同孔径及所对应的表面积

Figure 4. Pore diameters and corresponding surface areas

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表 1 利用XRD测得的天然石墨与爆轰产物的参数

Table 1. Parameters of natural graphite and detonation soot from XRD

样品	2θ/(°)	d₀₀₂/nm	B₀₀₂/pm	D/nm
爆轰产物	26.48	0.34	9.67	14.73
天然石墨	26.54	0.34	3.57	39.95

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