Effects of shell constraints on flow characteristicsin an explosive dispersal of a liquid volume
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摘要: 进行了不同壳体约束条件下的液体爆炸抛撒实验，讨论了壳体对起爆后早期抛撒流场特征的影响，分析了爆炸分散过程中液体的状态变化和破碎分散机理，并通过数值模拟进行了对比分析。结果表明，在爆炸反射稀疏波的作用下液体发生空化现象，壳体强度越高，空化发生的延迟越大，发生位置越靠近爆心，同时，爆炸产物气体与液体在其界面附近越早发生掺混。Abstract: In this study, experimental investigations on the liquid's explosive dispersal under different shell constraints were carried out, effects of shell constraints on the early characteristics of the flow field were discussed, and the mechanism for liquid state transition and breakup was analyzed and compared with the numerical simulation. The results show that cavitation occurs in the liquid when the rarefaction waves reflects on the shell. The stronger the shell constraint, the greater the delay of the cavitation that emerges and the closer to the center where the cavitation is located, and the earlier the explosive product mixes with the liquid on the nearby interfaces.
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图 2 不同壳体材料的爆炸分散装置
Figure 2. Explosive dispersion devices made of different shell materials
图 7 起爆后1 ms液体与爆炸产物气体界面形态
Figure 7. Configurations of interfaces between liquid and explosive product at 1 ms after detonation
图 8 不同材料壳体情况起爆后不同时刻压力的径向分布
Figure 8. Radial distribution of pressure at different times after detonation for different shells
图 9 不同材料壳体情况起爆后不同时刻水中空化气泡的发展
Figure 9. Cavitation in water at different times after detonation for different shells
表 1 计算参数
Table 1. Calculation parameters
部位 材料 ri/mm ro/mm ρ0/(kg·m-3) K/GPa G/GPa S/MPa η/% 炸药 RDX - 4.50 1 630 - - - - 液体 水 5.50 52.25 1 000 - - 40 - 爆管 塑料 4.50 5.50 1 265 2 0.5 34.5 3.5 有机玻璃 52.25 53.25 1 180 3.92 0.035 70 0.5 壳体 PVC 52.25 55.25 1 380 4.82 1.22 65 0.5 不锈钢 52.25 55.25 7 860 167.00 73.00 600 0.4 
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