泡沫铝子弹高速撞击下铝基复合泡沫夹层板的动态响应

张博一; 赵威; 王理; 王伟; 武高辉; 张强

doi:10.11883/1001-1455(2017)04-0600-11

泡沫铝子弹高速撞击下铝基复合泡沫夹层板的动态响应

doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2017)04-0600-11

张博一^{1, 2,},
赵威^{1, 2},
王理^{1, 2},
王伟^{1, 2},
武高辉^{1, 2},
张强^{2, 3}

1.
哈尔滨工业大学结构工程灾变与控制教育部重点实验室，黑龙江哈尔滨 150090
2.
哈尔滨工业大学土木工程学院，黑龙江哈尔滨 150090
3.
哈尔滨工业大学金属基复合材料与工程研究所，黑龙江哈尔滨 150001

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 51108141

国家自然科学基金项目 51578201

黑龙江省青年科学基金项目 QC2011C064

哈尔滨科技创新人才基金项目 RC2012QN012011

详细信息

作者简介:
张博一(1979-)，男，博士，副教授，zhangby@hit.edu.cn

中图分类号: O347.3
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-12-11
- 修回日期: 2016-04-11
- 刊出日期: 2017-07-25

Dynamic response of aluminum matrix syntactic foams sandwich panel subjected to foamed aluminum projectile impact loading

Zhang Boyi^{1, 2
,},
Zhao Wei^{1, 2},
Wang Li^{1, 2},
Wang Wei^{1, 2},
Wu Gaohui^{1, 2},
Zhang Qiang^{2, 3}

1.
Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control of China Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, Heilongjiang, China
2.
School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, Heilongjiang, China
3.
Center for Metal Matrix Composite Engineering Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, Heilongjiang, China

摘要

摘要: 应用一级轻气炮驱动泡沫铝弹丸高速撞击加载技术，对实心钢板以及前/后面板为Q235钢板、芯层分别为铝基复合泡沫和普通泡沫铝的夹层板结构，在脉冲载荷作用下的动态力学响应进行实验研究。结果表明：泡沫铝子弹高速撞击靶板可近似模拟爆炸载荷效果；铝基复合泡沫夹层板的变形分为芯层压缩和整体变形两个阶段；与其他靶板相比，铝基复合泡沫夹层板的抗冲击性能最优。基于实验研究，应用LS-DYNA非线性动力有限元软件，对泡沫铝夹层板的动态响应进行数值模拟。结果表明：泡沫铝子弹的长度和初始速度对子弹与夹层板之间的接触作用力影响显著，并且呈线性关系。泡沫芯层强度对等质量及等厚度夹层板的抗冲击性能均有显著影响，夹层板中心挠度对前、后面板的厚度匹配较为敏感，在临界范围内，若背板厚度大于面板厚度，可减小夹层板的最终挠度。夹层板面板宜采用刚度较低、延性好、拉伸破坏应变较大的金属材料。
- 铝基复合泡沫 /
- 夹层板 /
- 脉冲载荷 /
- 动态响应
Abstract: Using a gas gun driven high-speed aluminum metal foam projectile, we investigated experimentally the dynamic responses of the solid steel plate, the aluminum matrix syntactic foam sandwich panel and the aluminum foam sandwich panel, whose front and back plates made both from the Q235 steel, under the impact loading. The experimental results showed that using metal foam projectile impact can simulate the explosion load, that the deformation of the sandwich panel can be divided into two stages, i.e. the core compression and the global deformation, and that the shock resistance of the aluminum matrix syntactic foam sandwich panel is stronger than that of the solid steel plate and the aluminum foam sandwich panel. Based on the experiments, we also performed the corresponding finite element simulations using the LS-DYNA software. The simulation results showed that the velocity and the length of the metal foam projectile have obvious effect on the contact force, revealing a linear relationship. The core foam's strength has an obvious effect on the equal-mass and equal-thickness sandwich panel's shock-resistance behaviors. As the sandwich panel's deflection is sensitive to the thickness of the front and the back plate, the deflection of the panel will decrease if the thickness of the back plate is bigger than that of the front plate. The recommended material for the plate should be of low-stiffness, high-ductility and high tensile fracture strain.
- aluminum matrix syntactic foams /
- sandwich panel /
- impact loading /
- dynamic response

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图 1 一级轻气炮实验装置示意图及实物图

Figure 1. Schematic and physical layout of gas gun system

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图 2 加载后试件的变形特征

Figure 2. Deformation of specimens after impact loading

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图 3 冲击实验有限元模型

Figure 3. Finite element model of the impact experiment

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图 4 3种泡沫铝的本构模型

Figure 4. Constitutive modeling of three different aluminum foams

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图 5 冲击实验全过程与数值模拟对比

Figure 5. Comparison of experiment and simulation for impact process

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图 6 不同冲击速度下的接触力时程曲线

Figure 6. Contact force vs.time at different impact velocities

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图 7 不同冲击速度下的接触力时程曲线

Figure 7. Contact force vs.time at different impact velocities

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图 8 不同子弹长度对应的接触力时程曲线

Figure 8. Contact force vs.time with different bullet lengths

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图 9 接触时间-子弹长度关系曲线

Figure 9. Impact time-bullet length curve

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图 10 具有不同芯层强度试件的等效应力云图

Figure 10. Equivalent stress nephogram of the specimen with different core layer thicknesses

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图 11 等厚度试样的位移时程曲线

Figure 11. Displacement-time curves of specimens with constant thickness

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图 12 等厚度试样的接触力时程曲线

Figure 12. Contact force-time curves of specimens with constant thickness

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图 13 等质量试样的位移时程曲线

Figure 13. Displacement-time curves of specimens with constant mass

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图 14 等质量试样的接触力时程曲线

Figure 14. Contact force-time curves of specimens with constant mass

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图 15 厚度匹配试样的位移时程曲线

Figure 15. Displacement-time curves of specimens with matched plate thickness

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图 16 厚度匹配试样的接触力时程曲线

Figure 16. Contact force-time curves of specimens with matched plate thickness

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图 17 厚度匹配试样的吸能时程曲线

Figure 17. Energy absorption-time curves of specimens with matched plate thickness

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图 18 面板材料不同的铝基复合泡沫夹层板的位移时程曲线

Figure 18. Displacement-time curves of aluminum matrix syntactic foams sandwich panel with different front plates

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图 19 面板材料不同的铝基复合泡沫夹层板的接触力时程曲线

Figure 19. Contact force-time curves of aluminum matrix syntactic foams sandwich panel with different front plates

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表 1 夹层板试件的主要参数

Table 1. Key parameters of the sandwich plate

试件编号	d_f/mm	d_c/mm	d_b/mm	芯层材料	σ_c/MPa	E/GPa	ν	m_tot/kg
SP-1	0.8	5.0	0.8	1199Al(150 μm)	45	22.1	0.12	0.825
SP-2	0.8	10.0	0.8	1199Al(150 μm)	45	22.1	0.12	1.075
SP-3	0.8	20.0	0.8	1199Al(150 μm)	45	22.1	0.12	1.505
SP-4	0.8	10.0	0.8	1199Al(80 μm)	65	27.4	0.14	1.345
SP-5	0.8	15.0	0.8	普通泡沫铝	5	0.427	0.24	1.565
ST	2.5							0.780

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表 2 夹层板前、后面板中心测点最大扰度

Table 2. Maximum deflection at the center of the front plate and the back plate

试件编号	前板最大挠度/mm	后板最大挠度/mm
SP-1	9.022 2	9.576 0
SP-2	7.975 6	8.137 0
SP-3	3.646 1	3.252 5
SP-4	4.694 3	4.309 7
SP-5	10.385 7	9.473 9
ST	21.820 0

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表 3 夹层板前、后面板挠度的实验与模拟结果对比

Table 3. Comparison of experiment and simulation for the deflections at the center of the front and back plates

t/ms	前板最大挠度/mm		后板最大挠度/mm
t/ms	实验	计算	实验	计算
0.15	3.67	4.13	3.26	3.53
0.33	4.69	4.94	4.32	4.74
2.70	9.01	10.53	8.24	7.86
8.70	10.39	15.27	9.47	9.93

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表 4 夹层板前、后面板变形情况的实验结果与模拟结果对比

Table 4. Comparison of experiment and simulation for the deformations of the front and back plates

试件编号	前板最大位移			后板最大位移
试件编号	实验值/mm	计算值/mm	相对误差/%	实验值/mm	计算值/mm	相对误差/%
SP-1	9.02	10.51	16.51	9.58	9.96	3.97
SP-2	7.98	8.18	2.51	8.14	7.66	-5.90
SP-3	3.65	4.09	12.05	3.25	3.49	4.31
SP-4	4.69	4.90	4.47	4.31	4.72	9.51
SP-5	10.39	15.30	47.25	9.47	9.14	-3.48
ST	21.82	19.23	-11.87

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表 5 等厚度分析中夹层板参数

Table 5. Parameters of sandwich plate in the constant thickness analysis

试件编号	d_f/mm	d_c/mm	d_b/mm	σ_c/MPa
DHD-1	0.8	10.0	0.8	65
DHD-2	0.8	10.0	0.8	45
DHD-3	0.8	10.0	0.8	5

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表 6 等质量分析中夹层板参数

Table 6. Parameters of sandwich plate in the constant mass analysis

试件编号	d_f/mm	d_c/mm	d_b/mm	σ_c/MPa
DZL-1	0.8	7.38	0.8	65
DZL-2	0.8	10.00	0.8	45
DZL-3	0.8	8.83	0.8	5
DZL-4	2.6

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表 7 面板厚度匹配试件参数

Table 7. Parameters of the sandwich plate in thickness matching analysis

试件编号	δ	d_f/mm	d_c/mm	d_b/mm	d_tot/mm
SP-1/5	1:5	1.51	34.4	7.53	43.44
SP-1/2	1:2	3.01	34.4	6.03	43.44
SP-1/1	1:1	4.52	34.4	4.52	43.44
SP-2/1	2:1	6.03	34.4	3.01	43.44
SP-5/1	5:1	7.53	34.4	1.51	43.44

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