Calculation method and influencing factors of the fragmental radial velocities of PELE after penetrating thin target
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摘要: 基于横向效应增强型弹丸(PELE)侵彻金属薄靶板过程分析，将弹体前端在撞击作用下的变形过程分解为轴向一维压缩和径向自由膨胀两个变形阶段；依据冲击波理论，给出了弹体前端的冲击波压缩势能，由功能转化原理，给出了PELE前端外壳在靶后形成破片的最大径向飞散速度计算公式。计算结果在多种工况下均与文献的实验结果较为一致。计算结果表明：PELE靶后外壳破片的最大径向飞散速度与外壳和内芯材料的体积模量和泊松比有关，且随二者的增大而增大；PELE外壳破片的最大径向飞散速度是壳体和内芯在冲击波压缩作用下共同径向膨胀的结果，且外壳膨胀能在弹体整体膨胀能中所占比例较大，计算中应当同时考虑弹体外壳和内芯材料的横向膨胀效应对弹体破片径向飞散速度的影响。Abstract: Based on an analysis of the PELE (penetrator with enhanced lateral efficiency) penetrating thin metal targets, the deformation process of the front-end projectile was divided into two distinct phases: one-dimensional decomposition in the axial direction and the free conversion in the radial direction, for experimental study. Based on the shock wave theory, we obtained the shock wave compression energy of the front end of the projectile and, on the basis of the conservation of energy and the assumption of two-stage deformation, presented a method for determining the scattered radial velocity of the PELE jacket fragments behind the target. The calculated results in a variety of conditions are fairly consistent with the experimental results. The theoretical analysis showed that the maximum radial velocity of the PELE jacket fragments depends on the radial expansion of both the jacket and the filling part under the shock compression, the former playing a major role in the overall expansion of the projectile whereas the maximum radial velocity of the PELE jacket fragments increasing with the bulk modulus and the Poisson's ratio of the jacket and the filling part. The results suggest that the lateral expansion of both the jacket and the filling part should be taken into account when calculating the radial velocity of the PELE fragments.
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图 1 弹靶撞击后冲击波在弹靶中的传播示意图
Figure 1. Shock wave propagation in the target and the projectile
图 3 A-G3内芯PELE在不同工况下的靶后外壳破片最大径向速度
Figure 3. Maximum radial velocity of the jacket fragments of PELE with A-G3 as filling material under different conditions
图 4 PE内芯PELE在不同工况下的靶后外壳破片最大径向速度
Figure 4. Maximum radial velocity of the jacket fragments of PELE with PE as filling material under different conditions
图 5 不同工况下单位长度A-G3内芯PELE的外壳径向膨胀能占单位长度弹体整体径向膨胀能的百分比
Figure 5. Percentage of the unit-length radial expansion energy from the unit-length expansion energy of PELE with A-G3 as filling material
图 6 不同工况下单位长度PE内芯PELE的外壳径向膨胀能占单位长度弹体整体径向膨胀能的百分比
Figure 6. Percentage of the unit-length radial expansion energy from the unit-length expansion energy of PELE with PE as filling material
弹/靶 材料 ρ/(g·cm-3) c0/(m·s-1) s K/GPa μ σy/GPa 弹体 D180K 18.0 4029 1.237 292 0.28 A-G3 2.65 5176 1.35 71 0.33 PE 0.92 2187 1.48 4.4 0.44 靶板 A-U4G 2.80 5106 1.35 0.43 XC48 7.823 4797 1.49 0.72 
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表 2 A-G3内芯PELE穿靶后弹体破片的最大径向飞散速度
Table 2. Maximum radial velocity of the jacket fragments of PELE with A-G3 as filling material
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表 3 PE内芯PELE穿靶后弹体破片的最大径向飞散速度
Table 3. Maximum radial velocity of the jacket fragments of PELE with PE as filling material
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