影响大黄鱼的水中声指标

周在明; 杨燕明; 牛富强; 黄跃坤

doi:10.11883/1001-1455(2017)04-0734-07

影响大黄鱼的水中声指标

doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2017)04-0734-07

国家海洋局第三海洋研究所海洋声学与遥感实验室, 福建厦门 361005

基金项目:

国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项项目 2013020

国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项项目 2012022

详细信息

作者简介:
周在明(1980—)，男，博士，助理研究员, zhouzaiming@tio.org.cn

中图分类号: O383
计量
- 文章访问数: 4529
- HTML全文浏览量: 1359
- PDF下载量: 379
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-09-17
- 修回日期: 2016-01-05
- 刊出日期: 2017-07-25

Index of underwater acoustic waves impacting on large yellow croakers

Ocean Acoustics and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China

摘要

摘要: 为了明确有效地评价声波对大黄鱼影响的指标，以水下爆破和滨海山体爆破两种作业方式产生的水中声波数据为基础，进行声波信号的声压峰值和声暴露级分析，并结合现场大黄鱼的行为响应进行研究。结果表明：水下爆破产生的水中声波瞬态声压幅值较高，能量在瞬间累积到最大值并影响大黄鱼的行为和安全；而滨海山体爆破水中声波的声压幅值小，声暴露时间长，能量的连续累积造成了大黄鱼行为的改变。由于两种爆破方式作用下的水中声波在不同的声暴露时间内的声暴露级较接近，且超过150 dB会造成大黄鱼的行为异常，因此认为声暴露级是评价水中声波对大黄鱼影响的一个重要指标。
- 工程爆破 /
- 水中声波 /
- 大黄鱼 /
- 声暴露级 /
- 指标
Abstract: The assessment of the behavior of large yellow croakers (Pseudosciaena crocea) in response to underwater acoustic waves entails clear and exact indices of assessment. In this work we collected data of underwater acoustic waves of coastal mountain blasting and underwater explosion using two types of acoustic instruments (Pulse 3560 and DSG) monitored at the sea stations, recorded large yellow croakers′ behavioral characteristics, and carried out the index study of two signal parameters, peak pressure and sound exposure level, in combination with comparative analysis of the croakers′ in situ behaviors. The results showed that, when the pressure amplitudes of the acoustic waves resulting from underwater explosion and mountain blasting were high, the momentary maximal sound energy would reach a momentary maximum value, affecting the croakers′ behavior and safety. On the other hand, when the pressure amplitudes were lower but the time of exposure to the acoustic waves were long, the continual accumulation of sound energy would also affect the large yellow croakers′ behavior. As a result, the levels of the exposure to the two blasting sound waves in different exposure times were very much consistent, and the croakers′ abnormal behaviors were observed at sound exposure levels higher than 150 dB. So, an important conclusion was derived, combined with large yellow croakers′ behavior and related academic research, that sound exposure level can be taken as an important factor, which was the total energy received over the sound exposure time, and should be used to assess the influence of the underwater acoustic waves on the large yellow croaker in underwater explosion and coastal mountain blasting.
- engineering blasting /
- underwater acoustic waves /
- large yellow croaker(Pseudosciaena crocea) /
- sound exposure level /
- index

HTML全文

图 1 工程试验区域示意图

Figure 1. Diagram of engineering experimental regions

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 工程爆破水中波形图

Figure 2. Explosion acoustic waveforms

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 工程爆破水中声波峰值波形

Figure 3. Peak shape of acoustic waveforms

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 滨海山体爆破监测点大黄鱼的行为反应

Figure 4. Behavior response of large yellow croakers to coastal mountain blasting

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 累积声暴露级变化曲线

Figure 5. Cumulative variation of sound exposure level

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 滨海山体爆破和水下爆破监测点大黄鱼的行为反应

Figure 6. Behavior response of large yellow croakers to coastal mountain blasting and underwater explosion

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 工程爆破水中声波信号声暴露级统计

Table 1. Sound exposure level statistics of engineering balsting

信号来源	样本/个	δ_{30 dB} /s	δ_{60 dB} /s	L_se/(dB re 1 μPa²·s)
水下爆破	8	0.003±0.001	0.010±0.002	168.56±2.36
滨海山体爆破	22	0.036±0.012	1.322±0.034	161.33±2.06

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(26)

[1]	Popper A N, Hawkins A. The effects of noise on aquatic life[M]. New York: Springer Science and Business Media, 2012.
[2]	Wahlberg M, Westerberg H. Hearing in fish and their reactions to sounds from offshore wind farms[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2005, 288:295-309. doi: 10.3354/meps288295
[3]	Hermannsen L, Tougaard J, Beedholm K, et al. Characteristics and propagation of airgun pulses in shallow water with implications for effects on small marine mammals[J]. Plos One, 2015, 10(7):e0133436. http://cn.bing.com/academic/profile?id=122313f0ebe2b6b4bb9198646ac0e565&encoded=0&v=paper_preview&mkt=zh-cn
[4]	Hidebrand J. Anthorpogenic and natural sources of ambient noise in the ocean[J]. Marine Ecology Progress, 2009, 395(10):5-20. http://cn.bing.com/academic/profile?id=c4b97e3b39e6814fd72a028add19bb77&encoded=0&v=paper_preview&mkt=zh-cn
[5]	苏永全.大黄鱼养殖[M].北京:海洋出版社, 2004.
[6]	魏翀, 张宇, 张赛, 等.网箱养殖大黄鱼合成声信号特性研究[J].声学学报, 2013, 38(3):300-305. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=shengxxb201303008 Wei Chong, Zhang Yu, Zhang Sai, et al. Synthesized acoustic signal characteristics of net-cage-cultured Large Yellow Croaker, Pesudosiaena crocea [J]. Acta Acustica, 2013, 38(3):300-305. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=shengxxb201303008
[7]	刘贞文, 许肖梅, 黄二辉, 等.大黄鱼的声刺激行为研究[J].应用海洋学学报, 2014, 33(1):105-110. doi: 10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.2014.01.014 Liu Zhenwen, Xu Xiaomei, Huang Erhui, et al. Study on behavior of sound stimulation for Large Yellow Croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea)[J]. Journal of Applied Oceanography, 2014, 33(1):105-110. doi: 10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.2014.01.014
[8]	赵根, 吴从清, 王文辉.爆破水中冲击波对鱼类损伤研究[J].工程爆破, 2011, 17(4):103-105. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7051.2011.04.025 Zhao Gen, Wu Congqing, Wang Wenhui. Research on blasting shock wave in water to damage of fish[J]. Engineering Blasting, 2011, 17(4):103-105. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7051.2011.04.025
[9]	许鹭芬, 王清池, 王军, 等.水下爆破的声压测量及其对海洋生物的影响[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版), 2000, 39(1):58-61. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0438-0479.2000.01.011 Xu Lufen, Wang Qingchi, Wang Jun, et al. Sound pressure measurement of underwater explosion and its effect on marine organism[J]. Journal of Xiamen University (Natural Science), 2000, 39(1):58-61. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0438-0479.2000.01.011
[10]	蒋玫, 沈新强, 杨红.水下爆破对渔业生物影响的研究[J].海洋渔业, 2005, 27(2):150-153. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2490.2005.02.011 Jiang Jiu, Shen Xinqiang, Yang Hong. Influence of underwater explosions on fishery organism[J]. Marine Fisheries, 2005, 27(2):150-153. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2490.2005.02.011
[11]	黄斌, 黄瑞.地震勘探爆破对鱼类生态影响的试验与分析[J].工程爆破, 2013, 19(5): 54-57. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7051.2013.05.015 Huang Bin, Huang Rui. Tests and analysis on impact of seismic exploration blasting on fish ecosystem[J]. Engineering Blasting, 2013, 19(5): 54-57. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7051.2013.05.015
[12]	中华人民共和国国家标准编写组.爆破安全规程: GB 6722─2011[S].北京: 中国标准出版社, 2011.
[13]	中华人民共和国国家标准编写组.爆破安全规程: GB 6722─2014[S].北京: 中国标准出版社, 2015.
[14]	库尔R H.水下爆破[M].罗耀杰等, 译.北京: 国防工业出版社, 1960.
[15]	Hannay D E. Estimation of geoacoustic parameters of the ocean bottom by inversion of reflectionless data[D]. University of Victoria, 1995.
[16]	刘伯胜, 雷家煜.水声学原理[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社, 1997.
[17]	龙源, 冯长根, 徐全军, 等.爆破地震波在岩石介质中传播特性与数值计算研究[J].工程爆破, 2000, 6(3):1-7. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7051.2000.03.001 Long Yuan, Feng Changgen, Xu Quanjun, et al. Study on propagation characteristics of blasting seismic waves in a rock medium and numerical calculation[J]. Engineering Blasting, 2000, 6(3):1-7. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7051.2000.03.001
[18]	刘彤, 马旭青, 张晓平, 等.岩石声谱特征值与强度关系研究[J].西部探矿工程, 2003, 15(6):64-66. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5716.2003.06.036 Liu Tong, Ma Xuqing, Zhang Xiaoping, et al. Study on relationship between sound spectum characteristics and strength of rock[J]. West-China Exploration Engineering, 2003, 15(6):64-66. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5716.2003.06.036
[19]	Davis M L, Cornwell D A. Introduction to environmental engineering[M]. 3rd ed.王建龙, 译.环境工程导论, 3版.北京: 清华大学出版社, 2001.
[20]	Hastings M C, Popper A N. Effects of sound on fish[R]. California: Department of Transportation, 2005.
[21]	Götz T, Hastie G, Hatch L T, et al. Overview of the impacts of anthropogenic underwater sound in the marine environment[M]. London: OSPAR Commission, 2009.
[22]	Dahl P H, de Jong C A F, Popper A N. The underwater sound field from impact pile driving and its potential effects on marine life[J]. Acoustics Today, 2015, 11(2):18-25.
[23]	Erbe C. Underwater acoustics: Noise and the effects on marine mammals[M]. Brisbane: JASCO Applied Sciences, 2010.
[24]	Southall B L, Bowles A E, Ellison W T, et al. Marine mammal noise exposure criteria: Initial scientific recommendation[J]. Aquatic Mammals, 2007, 33(4):411-521. doi: 10.1578/AM.33.4.2007.411
[25]	Singh P k, Sinha A. Rock fragmentation by blasting[M]. London: CRC Press, 2013.
[26]	Erbe C. Noise and the effects on marine mammals[M]//A Pocket Handbook. 3rd ed. JASCO Applied Sciences, 2011.