Recognition technology for weak explosion signals based on PS12 borehole seismic array
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摘要: 对GSN台网的HIA地震台站与CTBTO/IMS的PS12地震台阵记录的2007年12月11日河北怀来“明灯1号”爆炸及2006年10月9日朝鲜爆炸事件进行对比分析。结果显示：PS12台阵子台监测的P波信噪比提高至普通台站监测的P波信噪比的4.6倍；利用聚束技术进一步压低噪声后，PS12台阵聚束信号的信噪比提高至单个钻井台站的3倍，比普通HIA台站记录的地震信号信噪比高10多倍。研究结果表明，钻井小孔径台阵可高效提高微弱信号的检测能力。Abstract: In this paper, we analyzed the waveforms of the two explosions that occurred on Dec.11, 2007 and Oct.9, 2006 as recorded using the HIA seismic station and the PS12 borehole seismic array. The results show that a borehole station can raise the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the P waves to 4.6 times that of the common station at the same distance. With the beamforming technique, the SNR of the beamforming waveform from the PS12 is 3 times that from the single borehole station and over 10 times than that of the waveform recorded by the HIA. So the PS12 borehole seismic array can effectively improve the SNR of weak signals.
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Key words:
- weak explosion signals /
- seismic array /
- HIA /
- PS12 /
- signal-to-noise ratio /
- beamforming technique
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图 1 PS12、HIA、“明灯1号”与朝鲜爆炸的相对位置
Figure 1. Distribution of PS12, HIA, "Mingdeng No.1" and North Korea explosion
图 7 PS12台阵对两次爆炸事件的F-K分析结果(方位角自正北向顺时针读取，水平慢度自中心点径向读取，不同颜色表示对数功率谱密度，最大功率谱密度标准化为0 dB，等值线间隔为-1 dB。白色圆点表示能量最大的聚集点，即功率谱为零的点，表示事件的位置；空心方块表示校正值；白色菱形表示理论值)
Figure 7. The F-K results for the two explosions recorded by PS12 (The azimuth is read clockwise from the due north, and the slowness is read in the radial direction, the colors represent the logarithm power spectrum density, the maximum power spectrum density has been normalized to 0 dB, the interval of the isoseismal line is -1 dB. The white circle is the maximum power spectrum density representing the location of the event, the square represents the value after correction, and the diamond represents the theoretical value.)
表 1 PS12台阵对两次爆炸事件的定位
Table 1. Location of two explosions recorded by PS12 seismic array
事件 F-K分析值(观测值) 经远震模型的校正值 理论值 θ/(°) u/(s/°) θ/(°) u/(s/°) θ/(°) u/(s/°) “明灯1号”爆炸事件 203.20 10.97 198.46 11.69 198.85 13.70 朝鲜爆炸事件 141.71 11.62 139.44 12.59 138.04 13.69 
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