台阶地形爆破振动放大与衰减效应研究

武旭; 张云鹏; 郭奇峰

doi:10.11883/1001-1455(2017)06-1017-06

台阶地形爆破振动放大与衰减效应研究

doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2017)06-1017-06

武旭^{1, 2,},
张云鹏³,
郭奇峰^{1, 2}

1.
北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院, 北京 100083
2.
北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室, 北京 100083
3.
华北理工大学矿业工程学院, 河北唐山 063009

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 51604017

中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目 FRF-TP-16-017A3

详细信息

作者简介:
武旭(1988—)，男，博士, 13051510807@163.com

中图分类号: O389
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- 被引次数: 3
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-03-29
- 修回日期: 2016-07-29
- 刊出日期: 2017-11-25

Amplification and attenuation effect of blasting vibration on step topography

Wu Xu^{1, 2
,},
Zhang Yunpeng³,
Guo Qifeng^{1, 2}

1.
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
3.
College of Mining Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, Hebei, China

摘要

摘要: 基于台阶地形爆破振动数值模拟与边坡振动监测实验，研究台阶地形爆破振动速度在传播过程中高程放大效应的产生及变化规律。结果表明，单个台阶坡顶质点的振动速度放大效应是在距爆源一定距离、达到一定高差的条件下产生的；坡顶质点振动速度放大倍数并不随台阶高度的增加而单调增加，在台阶高度超过某一临界值后，放大倍数随台阶高度的增加而减小。台阶高程对爆破振动速度既有放大作用，同时也随高度的增加产生衰减作用。根据模拟计算及现场观测数据分析结果，给出了台阶地形爆破振动速度预测模型，该模型为类似边坡工程的爆破地震波传播规律研究提供一定的参考。
- 台阶地形 /
- 高程差 /
- 爆破振动 /
- 放大效应
Abstract: The present study investigates the growth and variation of the amplification effect in the propagation of the blasting vibration velocity in step topography. The results indicate that the blast vibration elevation amplification effect on a single step occurs at a certain distance and elevation; the peak particle velocity magnification of the top of the slope doesn't increase monotonously with the increase of the elevation; and the magnification decreases when the elevation exceeds a certain critical value. The elevation exerts an effect of both amplification and attenuation on the blasting vibration velocity. According to the data analysis of the numerical simulation and the field experiment, a model of the blasting vibration velocity prediction on step topography was presented, providing reference for the research of blasting seismic wave propagation law in similar slope projects.
- step topography /
- elevation difference /
- blasting vibration /
- amplification effect

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图 1 计算模型示意图

Figure 1. Sketch map of calculation model

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图 2 振动速度云图

Figure 2. Vibration velocity nephogram

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图 3 质点峰值振动速度随高程变化曲线

Figure 3. Variation of peak particle vibration velocity with elevation

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图 4 放大倍数随高程变化曲线

Figure 4. Variation of amplification factor with elevation

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图 5 振动速度与坡底面宽度的关系

Figure 5. Relation of bottom width with vibration velocity

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图 6 高程对振速的放大与衰减示意图

Figure 6. Amplification and attenuation of vibration velocity based on elevation

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图 7 爆破振动速度现场监测

Figure 7. Field monitoring of blasting vibration velocity

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图 8 测点布置台阶剖面图

Figure 8. Arrangement of measuring points

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表 1 岩石材料参数

Table 1. Material parameters of rock

岩石	岩石密度/(g·cm^-3)	弹性模量/GPa	泊松比	切线模量/GPa	抗压强度/MPa	抗拉强度/MPa
闪长玢岩	2.54	57.64	0.27	5.5	56	4.49

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表 2 炸药的材料和状态方程参数

Table 2. Material and equation of state parameters of explosive

密度/(g·cm^-3)	爆速/(km·s^-1)	爆压/GPa	A/GPa	B/GPa	R₁	R₂	ω	E/GPa
1.0	3	3.43	321.9	0.18	4.2	0.8	0.15	3.51

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表 3 爆破振动观测结果

Table 3. Blasting vibration measurements

测点	最大单孔起爆药量/kg	水平距离/m	垂直距离/m	峰值振动速度/(cm·s^-1)
MP1	500	14.8	0.0	38.35
MP2		44.1	30.8	3.33
MP3		86.4	43.0	1.41
MP4		90.3	54.0	1.50
MP5		132.8	63.0	0.94
MP6		140.3	74.1	1.08
MP7		183.3	90.2	0.69
MP8		190.9	103.0	0.87

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