爆炸与电磁加载下无氧铜环、柱壳的断裂模式转变

郭昭亮; 范诚; 刘明涛; 任国武; 汤铁钢; 刘仓理

doi:10.11883/1001-1455(2017)06-1072-08

爆炸与电磁加载下无氧铜环、柱壳的断裂模式转变

doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2017)06-1072-08

中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所，四川绵阳 621999

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 11172279

详细信息

作者简介:
郭昭亮(1984—)，男，博士研究生, 助理研究员

通讯作者:
范诚，fancheng@caep.cn

中图分类号: O347.3
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- 被引次数: 6
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-04-21
- 修回日期: 2016-09-21
- 刊出日期: 2017-11-25

Fracture mode transition in expanding ring and cylindrical shell under electromagnetic and explosive loadings

Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 考虑断面收缩率、局域断裂应变以及平均断裂应变，并基于电磁膨胀环、爆炸膨胀环(柱壳)实验平台，研究了高纯无氧铜(TU1)环及柱壳在高应变率载荷下的膨胀断裂行为。采用高速摄影技术拍摄柱壳外壁的膨胀断裂形貌演化过程，用于确定柱壳平均断裂应变；利用激光干涉测速技术获得样品径向膨胀速度历史，用于确定加载应变率；利用样品的全回收测量及微观表征，确定了无氧铜环、柱壳的局域断裂应变及断裂模式。实验表明，随着应变率的增加，TU1材料的平均断裂应变增加，断面的收缩程度加剧，并在应变率约为1.0×10⁴ s^-1附近会出现明显的断裂模式转变，断面收缩率出现量级上的跳跃，从10⁰变化至约10³，局域断裂应变呈现明显的分区现象。
- 颈缩 /
- 断裂 /
- 膨胀环 /
- 高应变率 /
- 断裂应变
Abstract: In the present study, we designed the electromagnetic and explosive driving expanding ring/cylinder experiments and investigated the expanding fracture characteristics of oxygen-free high-conductivity copper (OFHC) in consideration of the conception of the reduction of area, the local fracture strain and the average fracture strain. We used a high speed camera to record the fracture process and obtain the fracture strain of the copper cylinder and the Doppler pins system (DPS) to obtain the radial velocity of the specimen in order to achieve the strain rate of the loading. We verified the local fracture strain and the fracture mode by analyzing the soft-recovered fragments of the expanding ring and the cylinder. Based on the experimental results, we found that the average fracture strain and the reduction of the area increases as does the strain rate. Moreover, the fracture mode transition may occur at the strain rate of about 1.0×10⁴ s^-1, and the reduction of the area may increase by an order of magnitude, i.e. from the order of 10⁰ to that of 10³, and the local fracture strain exhibits an obvious subarea.
- necking /
- fracture /
- expanding ring /
- high strain rate /
- fracture strain

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图 1 爆炸膨胀环实验平台^[9]和电磁膨胀环实验平台示意图^[10]

Figure 1. Sketch of experimental setup of explosive expanding ring and electromagnetic expanding ring

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图 2 高纯无氧铜TU1环和柱壳样品实物图

Figure 2. Specimen of oxygen-free high-conductivity copper (TU1)

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图 3 电磁膨胀环、爆炸膨胀环典型断面形貌

Figure 3. Fracture feature of expanding rings under electromagnetic and explosive loading

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图 4 爆炸膨胀柱壳高速摄影图像

Figure 4. High speed camera images of expanding cylindrical shell

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图 5 膨胀柱壳拉伸破片及断面微观表征图片

Figure 5. Fragments and microscopic fracture surface of expanding cylindrical shell

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图 6 电磁膨胀环、爆炸膨胀环/柱壳中平均断裂应变与应变率的关系

Figure 6. Relationship between strain rate and average fracture strain in electromagnetic ring and explosive expanding ring/cylinder

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图 7 断面收缩率随应变率的变化

Figure 7. Variation of area reduction with strain rate

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图 8 爆炸与电磁加载下膨胀环、柱壳局域断裂应变与平均断裂应变

Figure 8. Local fracture strain and average fracture strain of explosive expanding ring/cylinder(EE-ring/EE-Cylinder) and electromagnetic ring (EM-ring)

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表 1 电磁膨胀环、爆炸膨胀环(柱壳)实验数据

Table 1. Strain rate and fracture strain of experiments

实验号	样品	加载	${\mathit{\dot \varepsilon }}$ /s^-1	ε_f-average	ψ	ε_f-local
1	环	3.0 kV	2.8×10³	0.155	-	-
2	环	3.5 kV	4.6×10³	0.224	78	4.36
3	环	4.0 kV	5.4×10³	0.333	13	2.56
4	环	爆炸	5.8×10³	0.130	4	1.39
5	柱壳	爆炸	8.6×10³	0.267	2.5	0.92
6	柱壳	爆炸	12.0×10³	0.465	~500	6.21

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表 2 不同应变率下M态TU1环碎裂数据^[11]

Table 2. Fragmentations data of M state TU1 rings at varying strain rates

实验编号	R₀/mm	ε·/s^-1	N_f	${{\mathit{\bar L}}_{\rm{f}}}$ /mm	ε_f-average
MR-01	21.1	3.50×10³	3	51.0	0.143
MR-02	21.1	4.70×10³	4	39.3	0.170
MR-03	21.1	5.04×10³	7	23.1	0.199
MR-04	21.1	5.50×10³	7	24.0	0.237
MR-05	21.1	6.05×10³	9	21.6	0.388

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施引文献

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4.	沈飞，王辉，李彪彪，张皋. 拉拔成型无氧铜管在爆轰加载下的膨胀及断裂特性研究. 兵工学报. 2019(08): 1634-1640 . 百度学术