轴向冲击下C型冷弯卷边槽钢构件的动力响应

张旭; 孙国军; 黄栩浩; 叶文华; 朱珏

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2016-0335

摘要: 针对轴向冲击载荷下C型冷弯薄壁钢构件的动力响应，采用商业有限元软件Abaqus建立了能够反映冲击过程的有限元模型。通过对比有限元模拟和落锤实验中利用数字散斑技术采集的数据以及试样残余变形，验证了数值模型的可靠性。采用该模型分析了在不同冲击速度下翼缘、腹板和卷边质点的轴向位移-时间曲线以及腹板横向挠度的变化，结果表明：在较低冲击能量的作用下，翼缘对卷边的约束作用明显；而在较高冲击能量的加载过程中，冲击端卷边的轴向位移和速度明显大于翼缘和腹板，卷边破坏严重；随着冲击速度的提升，C型冷弯薄壁钢构件的动态屈曲临界载荷相应提升。

关键词:

Abstract: In our study, we established a finite element model using Abaqus, a commercially available software, to simulate the dynamic response of a cold-formed thin-wall steel lipped channel under axial compact, and verified its reliability by the highly consistent data and residual deformation obtained both from the finite element simulation and a drop hammer test. Based on the finite element model, we analyzed the axial displacement histories of the web, the flange and the lip, and the changing process of the web's lateral deflection under different impact energies. The results indicate that the axial displacement and the speed of the lip are significantly greater than those of the web and the flange during the loading process of higher impact energy, while the flange exerts an obvious constraint on the lip under lower impact energy. The dynamic critical load of the cold-formed steel channel under axial impact increases as the impact velocity goes up.

Key words:

图 1 冷弯薄壁型钢构件的屈曲模式

Figure 1. Buckling modes of cold-formed thin-wall steel members

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图 2 双线性材料模型

Figure 2. Bilinear material model

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图 3 数值模拟边界条件和网格模型

Figure 3. Boundary condition and mesh model in numerical simulation

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图 4 实验与模拟试样的残余变形对比

Figure 4. Comparison of experiment and simulation for residual deformation

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图 5 数字散斑分析结果

Figure 5. Digital spackle analysis

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图 6 腹板顶部轴向位移的实验与模拟结果比较

Figure 6. Comparison of experiment and simulation for axial displacement of the web top

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图 7 提取质点位置示意

Figure 7. Positions of the extracted particles

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图 8 质点位移(a)及速度(b)时程曲线(6.7 m/s)

Figure 8. Particle displacement (a) and velocity (b) history curves (6.7 m/s)

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图 9 质点位移(a)及速度(b)时程曲线(3.0 m/s)

Figure 9. Particle displacement (a) and velocity (b) history curves (3.0 m/s)

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图 10 不同速度冲击下冲击力时程曲线

Figure 10. Impact force history curves at different impact velocities

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图 11 质点速度(a)及冲击力(b)时程曲线(6.7 m/s)

Figure 11. Particle velocity (a) and impact force history (b) curves (6.7 m/s)

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图 12 应力波沿腹板中线的传播

Figure 12. Stress wave propagation along the web s center line

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图 13 不同速度冲击下腹板最大横向挠度时程曲线

Figure 13. Maximal transversal deflection history in the web at different compact velocities

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表 1 非线性分析中引入的屈曲模态及比例系数

Table 1. Buckling modes and their proportional coefficients in nonlinear analysis

有限元模态	临界载荷/kN	模态分数/%	模态比重	缺陷幅值
Ⅰ	415.24	22.76	1.00	0.137
Ⅱ	440.53	21.46	0.94	0.129
Ⅲ	461.18	20.50	0.90	0.127
Ⅳ	504.07	18.76	0.84	0.115
Ⅴ	572.11	16.52	0.80	0.169

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