静水压力对岩石在等离子体冲击下压裂效果的影响

付荣耀; 孙鹞鸿; 徐旭哲; 严萍

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2017-0057

静水压力对岩石在等离子体冲击下压裂效果的影响

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2017-0057

付荣耀^{1, 2, 3,},
孙鹞鸿^{1, 2, 3},
徐旭哲^{2, 3},
严萍^{1, 2, 3}

1.
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
2.
中国科学院电工研究所, 北京 100190
3.
中国科学院电工研究所电力电子与电气驱动重点实验室, 北京 100190

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 51577176

详细信息

作者简介:
付荣耀(1986-), 男, 博士研究生, 助理研究员, furongyao@mail.iee.ac.cn

中图分类号: O347.3
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-02-22
- 修回日期: 2017-04-24
- 刊出日期: 2018-09-25

Effect of hydrostatic pressure on fracture of rock subjected to plasma impact

FU Rongyao^{1, 2, 3
,},
SUN Yaohong^{1, 2, 3},
XU Xuzhe^{2, 3},
YAN Ping^{1, 2, 3}

1.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
2.
Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Power Electronics and Electric Drive, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

摘要

摘要: 为了了解与掌握深井下水中放电冲击波对岩石的破碎作用规律，建立了静水压力高达35 MPa的电脉冲压裂装置，可模拟深井近3 000 m下的围压，并进行了不同静水压下等离子体冲击压裂实验。电脉冲压裂装置最高工作电压20 kV，最大储能40 kJ。在0~25 MPa的静水压力条件下，对6块砂岩岩样进行了冲击压裂实验。实验结果表明，随着静水压力的升高，相同放电条件下压裂产生的裂缝长度和宽度明显降低。所以静水压力的升高将使得岩样损伤范围减小，孔隙度以及渗透率提升幅度下降。静水压力对冲击压裂后裂缝的形成、分布、生长具有明显的影响。与常压下形成的裂缝相比，施加围压后裂缝多集中在电极处，数量多，但是长度较短，存在不同程度的弯曲，甚至局部区域出现了环形裂缝。
- 等离子体 /
- 静水压力 /
- 冲击波 /
- 脉冲放电 /
- 岩石压裂
Abstract: In order to understand the fracture law of rock by shock wave in deep water, an electric pulse fracturing device with hydrostatic pressure up to 35 MPa was established, which can simulate the confining pressure of 3 000 m underground. The experiments of plasma impact fracturing under different hydrostatic pressures were carried out. The maximum operating parameter of the fracturing device is 20 kV/40 kJ. Six sandstones were fractured by electric pulse under the hydrostatic pressure which ranges from 0 to 25 MPa. The experimental results show that the length and width of fracture decrease significantly with the increase of hydrostatic pressure under the same energy. So the destroy range of shock wave decreases and the porosity and permeability decline with the increase of confining pressure. The hydrostatic pressure has obvious influence on the formation, distribution and growth of the crack after impact fracture. Compared with the cracks formed by atmospheric pressure, cracks are concentrated in the electrode. The number of cracks is more but the length is shorter and there are different degrees of bending, even annular cracks occur in the local area.
- plasma /
- hydrostatic pressure /
- shock wave /
- pulse discharge /
- rock fracture

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图 1 实验装置

Figure 1. Experimental equipment

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图 2 脉冲源电路结构图

Figure 2. Schematic of the pulsed power system

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图 3 砂岩岩样

Figure 3. Sandstone samples

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图 4 砂岩试样CO1压裂图片

Figure 4. Fracture pictures of sandstone samples CO1

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图 5 岩样1裂缝图片

Figure 5. Fracture pictures of sandstone sample 1

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图 6 岩样2裂缝图片

Figure 6. Fracture pictures of sandstone sample 2

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图 7 岩样3裂缝图片

Figure 7. Fracture pictures of sandstone sample 3

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图 8 岩样4裂缝图片

Figure 8. Fracture pictures of sandstone sample 4

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图 9 岩样5裂缝图片

Figure 9. Fracture pictures of sandstone sample 5

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表 1 压裂实验数据

Table 1. Data for fracture experiments

砂岩编码	静水压力/MPa	工作电压/kV	放电次数	单次放电能量/kJ	裂缝高度/mm	裂缝径向长度/mm	井内裂缝条数
1	5	15	5	22.5	200	190，150	5
1	5	18	8	32.4	200	190，150	5
2	10	13	4	16.9	200	20，30	3
		15	3	22.5
		18	10	32.4
		15	4	22.5
		18	15	32.4
3	15	18	20	32.4	200	170，170	5，一条主缝
4	20	15	12	22.5	170	60，50	4
4	20	18	5	32.4	170	60，50	4
5	25	18	20	32.4	110	5	多裂缝，一条主缝
CO1	0	15	5	22.5	350	70	一条主缝

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