基于正态分布的爆破振动评价与安全药量计算

张小军; 汪旭光; 王尹军; 于亚伦; 吴春平; 杨德强

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2017-0091

基于正态分布的爆破振动评价与安全药量计算

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2017-0091

1.
北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院, 北京 100083
2.
北京矿冶研究总院, 北京 100160

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 50704005

中国工程院咨询研究项目 2016-XZ-09

详细信息

作者简介:
张小军(1991-), 男, 博士研究生, 1024770807@qq.com

中图分类号: O383.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-03-24
- 修回日期: 2017-04-17
- 刊出日期: 2018-09-25

Blasting vibration evaluation and safety dose calculation based on normal distribution

1.
School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Beijing General Research Institute of Ming and Metallurgy, Beijing 100160, China

摘要

摘要: 工程爆破是非常重要的一种施工方法，但同时爆破引起的岩石振动也是爆破公害之一。由于爆破场地的复杂性，爆破地震引起的某位置质点振速峰值v与单段最大药量Q、爆心距R没有严格的函数关系，只能将振速视为随机变量，因此振动只能从概率的角度来描述。为了控制振动强度，达到较高的可靠度，必须计算振速小于目标设施安全振速的概率。本文中基于概率，将振速峰值近似视为服从正态分布，对目标设施进行安全分析以及安全炸药量计算，最后通过案例应用，解释概率公式计算炸药量的合理性。
- 爆破 /
- 振动 /
- 振速峰值 /
- 正态分布 /
- 安全药量
Abstract: Blasting is an indispensable construction method to human beings. However, in the meanwhile, the rock vibration caused by blasting is one of blasting hazards. Due to the complicated geology, the peak particle velocity is a random variable approximately. It does not have a general function relationship with the maximum dose Q and the distance R from blasting center. Therefore, the vibration can only be described by the theory of probability. In order to control the vibration intensity and get high reliability, it is necessary to calculate the probability that the peak particle velocity is less than the safety vibration velocity of the target facility. Based on the probability, the distribution of peak particle velocity is approximately regarded as the normal distribution. Then safety analysis of target facilities and calculation of safe explosives are carried out. Finally, through the application of the case, it is reasonable to calculate the dose by probability formula.
- blasting /
- vibration /
- peak particle velocity /
- normal distribution /
- safety dose

HTML全文

图 1 数据拟合曲线

Figure 1. Data fitting curve

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表 1 锡铁山铅锌矿爆破振动监测数据

Table 1. Blasting vibration experiment data

测点	Q/kg	R/m	(Q^1/3·R^-1)/(kg^1/3·m^-1)	v/(cm·s^-1)
1	30.2	20	0.156	11.82
2	30.2	40	0.078	3.47
3	30.2	60	0.052	1.77
4	30.2	80	0.039	1.28
5	30.2	100	0.031	0.84
6	74.8	20	0.211	17.24
7	74.8	40	0.105	5.62
8	74.8	60	0.070	2.72
9	74.8	80	0.053	1.84
10	74.8	100	0.042	1.22

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表 2 数据处理结果

Table 2. Data processing results

测点	v_exp/(cm·s^-1)	v_cal/(cm·s^-1)	(v_exp-v_cal)/(cm·s^-1)
1	11.82	10.92	0.90
2	3.47	3.63	-0.16
3	1.77	1.90	-0.13
4	1.28	1.21	0.07
5	0.84	0.85	-0.01
6	17.24	17.67	-0.43
7	5.62	5.87	-0.25
8	2.72	3.08	-0.36
9	1.84	1.95	-0.11
10	1.24	1.37	-0.13

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表 3 单段最大药量和设施安全概率

Table 3. Single biggest dosage andfacilities security probability

方法	Q/kg	P/%
萨道夫斯基公式	858.73	50.00
正态分布函数	797.89	95.05

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参考文献(11)

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