尖头碎片撞击小尺寸储罐的模拟实验

陈国华; 胡昆; 周池楼; 祁帅

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2017-0197

尖头碎片撞击小尺寸储罐的模拟实验

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2017-0197

华南理工大学安全科学与工程研究所, 广东广州 510641

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 21576102

国家自然科学基金项目 51705157

中国博士后科学基金项目 2016M602467

中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目 2017BQ074

详细信息

作者简介:
陈国华(1967-), 男, 博士, 教授

通讯作者:
周池楼, mezcl@scut.edu.cn

中图分类号: O389;X937
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- 文章访问数: 4969
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-06-08
- 修回日期: 2017-12-08
- 刊出日期: 2018-11-25

Simulation experiment on small-size tank impacted by conical projectiles

Institute of Safety Science & Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, Guangdong, China

摘要

摘要: 化工园区内，容器爆炸事故易引发多米诺效应，产生的碎片击中临近目标设备或装置可能造成事故后果升级。通过开展尖头碎片撞击小尺寸储罐模拟实验，得到了不同轴向撞击角的尖头碎片撞击不同壁厚小尺寸储罐的穿透形貌、穿透能量以及穿孔直径。结果表明：（1）尖头碎片以0°轴向撞击角穿透罐壁形成的穿孔正面近似圆形，以15°、30°及45°轴向撞击角撞击形成的穿孔正面近似椭圆形且有2个条形翻边，穿孔背面均呈现花瓣型开裂；（2）轴向撞击角越大，壁厚越大，所需的穿透能量越大；（3）轴向撞击角与壁厚对穿孔轴向直径影响显著，但穿孔环向直径变化幅度不大。最后，根据穿甲力学理论和动量守恒定理，推导出适用于0°~45°轴向撞击角的尖头碎片剩余速度理论计算公式。
- 尖头碎片 /
- 小尺寸储罐 /
- 轴向撞击角 /
- 剩余速度
Abstract: In this work, to forestall the domino effects resulting from the container explosion that may lead to serious damages to equipments and devices in a chemical industry park impacted by explosion fragments, we obtained the penetrating morphology, penetration energy and perforation diameter, of small-size tanks with different wall thicknesses that were impacted by conical projectiles at different axial impact angles, with the following results achieved:that the front penetrating morphology is nearly circular when the axial impact angle is 0°, and is nearly oval with two flangings when the axial impact angle is 15°, 30°, and 45°; that their backs are both dehiscent like petals; the larger the axial impact angle and tank wall thickness, the more penetration energy is needed; and that the axial impact angle and tank wall thickness have significant influence on the axial diameter of the perforation, but barely affect the circumferential diameter of the perforation. Also, based on the mechanics of perforation and the laws of conservation of momentum, we derived the residual velocity formula of conical projectiles suitable for axial impact angles ranging from 0 to 45 degrees.
- conical projectiles /
- small-size tank /
- axial impact angle /
- residual velocity

HTML全文

图 1 尖头碎片撞击小尺寸储罐模拟实验示意图

Figure 1. Simulation experiment layout on small-scale tank impacted by conical projectiles

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 7.82 mm尖头碎片结构示意图

Figure 2. Conical projectile of 7.82 mm in diameter

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 0°轴向撞击角的尖头碎片穿透壁厚1.0 mm储罐穿孔形貌

Figure 3. Morphology of perforation for vertical tank with 1.0 mm wall thickness at axial impact angle equal to 0°

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 30°轴向撞击角的尖头碎片穿透壁厚2.0 mm储罐穿孔形貌

Figure 4. Morphology of perforation for vertical tank with 2.0 mm wall thickness at axial impact angle equal to 30°

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 壁厚与穿透能量关系及拟合曲线图

Figure 5. Fitted curves showing the relationship between wall thickness and penetration energy

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 碎片轴向撞击角与穿透能量关系图

Figure 6. Relationship between axial impact angle and penetration energy

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 穿孔直径与壁厚、轴向撞击角关系图

Figure 7. Relationship of perforation diameter with wall thickness and axial impact angle

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 尖头碎片以0°轴向撞击角穿透罐壁示意图

Figure 8. Tank wall penetrated by conical projectiles at axial impact angle equal to 0°

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 尖头碎片以非0°轴向撞击角穿透罐壁示意图

Figure 9. Tank wall penetrated by conical projectiles at axial impact angle above 0°

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 尖头碎片剩余速度的实验值与理论计算值对比

Table 1. Experimentally obtained value and theoretically calculated value of residual velocity of conical projectiles

实验编号	h/mm	θ/(°)	v_i的实验值/(m·s^-1)	v_r/(m·s^-1)		相对误差/%
实验编号	h/mm	θ/(°)	v_i的实验值/(m·s^-1)	实验	理论计算	相对误差/%
1	1.00	0	842	826	825	0.06
2	1.50	0	853	828	828	0
3	2.00	0	859	813	826	1.58
4	2.75	0	840	765	796	4.05
5	1.00	15	859	842	843	0.17
6	1.50	15	864	836	841	0.57
7	2.00	15	859	809	828	2.40
8	2.75	15	858	779	817	4.82
9	1.00	30	861	843	843	0
10	1.50	30	853	819	827	0.97
11	2.00	30	860	801	825	3.03
12	2.75	30	859	775	812	4.79
13	1.00	45	855	836	829	0.79
14	1.50	45	857	812	819	0.87
15	2.00	45	863	786	813	3.40
16	2.75	45	858	761	790	3.91
注：相对误差为尖头碎片剩余速度的实验值与理论计算值之间的相对误差。

下载: 导出CSV

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