高饱和黏土中爆炸波作用下直埋聚乙烯管的动力响应

钟冬望; 龚相超; 涂圣武; 黄雄

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2017-0334

高饱和黏土中爆炸波作用下直埋聚乙烯管的动力响应

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2017-0334

武汉科技大学理学院力学系，湖北武汉 430065

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51574184)

详细信息

作者简介:
钟冬望（1963－　），男，博士，教授，zhongdw123@wust.edu.cn

通讯作者:
龚相超（1974－　），男，博士研究生，副教授，gxc741@163.com

中图分类号: O382; TD235.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-09-11
- 修回日期: 2018-01-10
- 网络出版日期: 2019-03-25
- 刊出日期: 2019-03-01

Dynamic responses of PE pipes directly buried in high saturated clay to blast wave

Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Science, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, China

摘要

摘要: 为了解决爆破作业对近距离埋地管道的安全评估问题，对高饱和粘土中爆炸波作用下聚乙烯(polyethylene, PE)管道进行了一系列管道动态响应的原型实验，得到了不同药量下管道动应变、动压力的实验数据和管体及地面的振速数据。实验结果表明：PE管动应变峰值同比例距离具有良好的幂函数衰减关系，在6～11 m/kg^1/3比例距离范围内，PE管的环向峰值应变衰减指数（绝对值）比轴向峰值应变衰减指数大；管道动态响应的主振频率略高于土体的主振频率，两者在同一量级，管道合成速度衰减指数大体和管道轴向应变衰减指数相当；压电陶瓷片所测得的电压信号和同测点的应变变化率信号具有较强的相关性。高饱和黏性土由于含水量较高，近距离柔性PE管因受到局部冲击会产生较大的环向应变，管道安全计算时应充分考虑这一因素；随着比例距离的增大，环向应变水平降低，轴向应变水平相对增强；压电陶瓷片因为具有良好可靠的动态性能，作为埋地管道现场监测的技术手段值得采用和推广。
- 爆炸波 /
- PE管 /
- 饱和土 /
- 埋地管道 /
- 动应变
Abstract: In order to solve the safety assessment of a buried pipeline nearby blasting operation location, a series of dynamic responses of the polyethylene (PE) pipe in high saturated clay under the action of the explosive wave were carried out. The experimental data of the dynamic strain and dynamic pressure were gotten, and the velocity data of the pipe and the ground were measured at the same time. The experimental results show that the peak strain of the PE pipe has a good power function attenuation relationship with scaled distance. In the scaled distance range of 6−11 m/kg^1/3, the attenuation index of hoop strain (absolute value) is larger than the attenuation index of axial strain. The main vibration frequency of the dynamic response of the pipeline is slightly higher than the main vibration frequency of the soil, both in the same order. The pipeline synthesis velocity attenuation index is roughly the same as the axial strain attenuation index of the pipe. There is a strong correlation between the dynamic pressure signal measured by PZT and the strain rate signal of the same point. Due to the high water content in the high saturated soil, the PE pipe will be locally impacted and the greater circumferential strain will be produced, so this factor should be taken full account of the pipeline safety assessment. The hoop strain level is reduced, and the axial strain level relatively enhances when the scaled distance increases. Because of good and reliable dynamic performance of the PZT, the PZT is worthy of use and promotion as a mean for field detection of pipelines.
- blast wave /
- PE pipe /
- saturated soil /
- dynamic strain /
- buried pipeline

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图 1 拉力和绝对伸长的关系曲线

Figure 1. Relation between tensile force and absolute extension

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图 2 实验现场示意图

Figure 2. Diagram of experimental site

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图 3 管道贴片示意图

Figure 3. Location of strain gauges and PZT pieces on the pipe

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图 4 爆源和PE管位置示意图

Figure 4. Location of PE pipe and explosion source

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图 5 两种应变仪采集的典型信号

Figure 5. Typical signals detected by DH5937 and UT3408

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图 6 位置3-1和3-3的环向和轴向最大压应变衰减曲线

Figure 6. The maximum hoop and axial strains at positions 3-1 and 3-3 varying with scaled distance

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图 7 位置3-2和3-4的环向和轴向最大应变衰减曲线

Figure 7. The maximum hoop and axial strains at positions 3-2 and 3-4 varying with scaled distance

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图 8 位置2-3和3-3的环向最大压应变

Figure 8. The maximum hoop compressive strains at positions 2-3 and 3-3

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图 9 位置2-3和3-3的轴向最大拉应变

Figure 9. The maximum axial tensile strains at positions 2-3 and 3-3

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图 10 位置2-1环向最大拉和压应变

Figure 10. The maximum hoop tensile and compressive strains at position 2-1

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图 11 位置3-1环向和轴向最大应变

Figure 11. The maximum hoop and axial strains at position 3-1

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图 12 PE管和地表振动速度信号(Q=100 g)

Figure 12. The vibration velocity signals of the PE pipe and ground (Q=100 g)

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图 13 地表主振频率随药量的衰减

Figure 13. Main frequency attenuation of ground vibration with explosive charge

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图 14 地表和管端合成速度随比例距离的衰减

Figure 14. Resultant velocity attenuation of the pipe and ground with scaled distance

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图 15 典型的压电陶瓷片信号

Figure 15. The typical signal of PZT voltage

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图 16 位置3-1轴向应变时程曲线

Figure 16. The time history curve of axial strain at position 3-1

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图 17 位置3-1轴向应变率和电压时程曲线

Figure 17. The time history curves of PZT voltage and axial strain rate at position 3-1

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表 1 不同深度土体纵波波速

Table 1. Longitudinal wave velocities of soil at different depths

实验编号	探头类型	埋深/cm	探头距离/m	纵波声速/(m·s⁻¹)
1	声发射探头	20	0.5	853
2	水介质耦合探头	60	0.5	891
3	水介质耦合探头	100	0.5	954

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表 2 不同药量下各测点最大拉应变

Table 2. The maximum tensile strain at each measuring point under different explosive charges

位置	/10⁻⁶
位置	Q=50 g	Q=75 g	Q=100 g	Q=125 g	Q=150 g	Q=175 g	Q=200 g
2-1环向	20.7	23.4	25.4	39.1	50.9	50.9	67.6
2-1轴向	19.9	28.3	31.6	47.6	56.9	50.0	59.6
2-3环向	19.6	23.0	22.8	35.0	47.3	42.2	51.3
2-3轴向	21.5	28.0	33.9	61.5	96.3	107.2	130.0
3-1环向	20.3	23.7	25.9	41.2	51.7	49.2	65.6
3-1轴向	13.1	21.4	26.9	46.6	67.6	62.5	82.2
3-1（45°）	5.4	6.3	5.8	14.7	26.7	30.2	37.6
3-2环向	15.9	25.5	29.5	69.4	134.2	194.1	194.7
3-2轴向	18.2	24.3	24.4	41.6	65.5	76.0	87.9
3-3环向	28.8	33.7	28.2	43.6	70.7	98.7	115.3
3-3轴向	19.0	29.1	33.8	61.4	97.0	122.4	135.8
3-4环向	17.7	22.2	23.6	42.6	99.0	155.2	164.8
3-4轴向	18.9	25.6	29.7	51.3	82.1	88.1	102.7

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表 3 不同药量下各测点最大压应变

Table 3. The maximum compressive strain at each measuring point under different explosive charges

位置	/10⁻⁶
位置	Q=50 g	Q=75 g	Q=100 g	Q=125 g	Q=150 g	Q=175 g	Q=200 g
2-1环向	−20.6	−24.4	−26.7	−67.3	−127.8	−140.6	−181.3
2-1轴向	−19.0	−24.2	−26.8	−49.7	−61.1	−47.0	−57.9
2-3环向	−18.4	−29.5	−40.5	−87.5	−149.7	−174.3	−213.5
2-3轴向	−29.1	−38.4	−42.6	−68.4	−92.3	−78.0	−103.5
3-1环向	−19.9	−25.6	−28.2	−53.1	−102.3	−119.9	−147.0
3-1轴向	−23.0	−30.8	−35.0	−67.3	−95.2	−84.5	−110.1
3-1（45°）	−7.3	−6.0	−6.6	−13.8	−25.0	−34.7	−37.0
3-2环向	−10.5	−16.3	−19.2	−41.3	−88.3	−110.4	−134.6
3-2轴向	−23.9	−36.9	−41.1	−75.6	−104.2	−122.3	−121.7
3-3环向	−22.6	−31.5	−37.3	−95.6	−199.1	−289.0	−309.1
3-3轴向	−27.5	−40.6	−44.0	−79.6	−107.6	−105.8	−115.7
3-4环向	−18.4	−27.5	−31.6	−50.6	−69.5	−54.8	−65.2
3-4轴向	−30.1	−41.0	−43.0	−84.0	−121.0	−114.3	−138.6

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表 4 不同药量下PE管的PPV和主频

Table 4. The PPVs and main frequencies of the PE pipe under different explosive charges

Q/g	X方向		Y方向		Z方向		合成PPV/(cm·s⁻¹)
Q/g	PPV/(cm·s⁻¹)	主频/Hz	PPV/(cm·s⁻¹)	主频/Hz	PPV/(cm·s⁻¹)	主频/Hz	合成PPV/(cm·s⁻¹)
50	1.14	26.31	0.43	25.84	1.32	27.46	1.39
75	1.20	22.86	0.55	24.69	1.29	25.48	1.68
100	1.05	25.16	1.19	21.62	1.56	24.1	1.91
125	1.68	11.9	1.68	17.24	2.56	20.9	3.00
150	2.92	9.22	2.17	24.60	3.91	18.2	4.41
175	3.53	9.24	2.18	21.98	4.04	17.02	4.63
200	4.43	9.59	2.80	21.98	4.92	16.80	5.49

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表 5 不同药量下地表的PPV和主频

Table 5. The PPVs and main frequencies of the ground under different explosive charges

Q/g	X方向		Y方向		Z方向		合成PPV/(cm·s⁻¹)
Q/g	PPV/(cm·s⁻¹)	主频/Hz	PPV/(cm·s⁻¹)	主频/Hz	PPV/(cm·s⁻¹)	主频/Hz	合成PPV/(cm·s⁻¹)
50	2.17	12.3	0.89	30.47	3.30	25.76	3.57
75	2.38	10.93	1.03	31.75	3.62	24.80	3.81
100	3.02	10.44	1.18	25.64	3.87	23.26	3.97
125	5.62	8.45	1.34	15.23	6.98	19.24	7.20
150	9.29	7.83	1.30	8.30	9.44	16.26	9.72
175	9.30	6.63	2.19	9.11	9.35	14.55	10.70
200	9.98	6.73	2.62	8.91	11.73	14.44	11.78

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表 6 已有公式计算值和实测数据

Table 6. Deteced data and calculated values by existing formulas

药量/ g	比例距离/ (m·kg^−1/3)	实测值		式(2)	式(3)	式(1)
药量/ g	比例距离/ (m·kg^−1/3)	ε_cir/10⁻⁶	ε_long/10⁻⁶	ε_cir/10⁻⁶	ε_long/10⁻⁶	ε_long/10⁻⁶
50	10.18	28.8	27.5	29.2	24.5	32.5
100	8.08	37.3	44.0	56.9	45.2	36.1
150	7.06	199.1	107.6	83.8	64.0	88.3
200	6.41	309.1	115.7	110.2	81.3	107.1

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