Static/dynamic tensiletest of unidirectional reinforced GFRP composites
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摘要: 本文针对单向增强玻璃钢复合材料，进行了一系列静/动态拉伸试验，利用高速摄影与DIC相结合的方法，获得了材料不同方向、不同应变率的应力-应变曲线以及材料在不同方向上的动态失效应变，精确地描述了材料的静/动态拉伸及失效行为。实验结果表明，纤维增强方向在不同应变率（10−3、10、102 s−1）拉伸应力-应变曲线均存在一个刚度减小的刚度变化点N，变化后的Echanged分别为初始弹性模量Einitial的67.5%、39.0%、21.4%。此材料在不同应变率（10−3、10、102 s−1）拉伸情况下，纤维增强的方向1上强度最高（分别为608、967、1 123 MPa），方向2强度最低（分别为75、67、58 MPa），方向3强度较低（分别为90、151、221 MPa）。利用高速摄影与DIC相结合的方法，获得了100 s−1应变率下，不同铺层方向破坏时刻的动态失效参数（方向1～3的动态失效应变分别为0.267、0.078、0.099），可以更加精确地描述此单向增强玻璃钢复合材料的动态失效行为。Abstract: In this paper, a series of static/dynamic tensile tests are performed for unidirectionally reinforced GFRP composites. Using the combination of high-speed photography and DIC (digital image correlation) technology, true stress-strain curves in different directions and strain rates are obtained. We also obtained the dynamic failure strain of the material in different directions, which are used to accurately describe the dynamic tensile and failure behavior of the material. The experimental results show that there is a stiffness change point N in the fiber reinforcement direction under different strain rate (10−3, 10, 102 s−1) tensile conditions, and the modulus Echanged is 67.5%, 39% and 21.4% of the initial elastic modulus Einitial, respectively. The fiber has the highest strength in the 1 direction which is reinforced (608, 967 and 1 123 MPa, respectively) under different strain rates (10−3, 10 and 102 s−1). The direction 2 has the lowest strength (75, 67 and 58 MPa, respectively). The strength of direction 3 is a little weak (90, 151 and 221 MPa, respectively). With the combination of high-speed photography and the DIC technology, the dynamic failure parameters of different directions under the strain rate of 100 s−1 are obtained. The dynamic failure strain in 1−3 directions is 0.267, 0.078 and 0.099 respectively. The dynamic failure behavior of this unidirectional reinforced fiberglass composite can be more accurately described.
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Key words:
- dynamic failure strain /
- digital image correlation /
- strain rate effect /
- stiffness
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图 4 纤维铺层方向及试件切割方向
Figure 4. The layer directions of fibers and the cutting directions of specimens
图 7 典型工况下重复试验的应力-应变曲线
Figure 7. Stress-strain curves of repeated tests under typical working conditions
图 10 方向1动态拉伸全场应变分布
Figure 10. Strain field in direction 1 under dynamic tension condition
图 11 方向1在100 s−1应变率下应力-应变曲线
Figure 11. Stress-strain curve of the direction 1 at 100 s−1 strain rate
图 12 准静态拉伸不同方向应力-应变曲线
Figure 12. Stress-strain curves in different directions under quasi-static condition
图 13 方向1不同应变率拉伸应力-应变曲线
Figure 13. Tensile stress-strain curves of the direction 1 under different strain rates
图 15 方向3不同应变率下拉伸应力-应变曲线
Figure 15. Tensile stress-strain curves of the direction 3 under different strain rates
图 14 方向2不同应变率下拉伸应力-应变曲线
Figure 14. Tensile stress-strain curves of the direction 2 under different strain rates
图 16 方向1在100 s−1应变率下动态失效区域
Figure 16. Dynamic failure region in the direction 1 at 100 s−1 strain rate
图 17 方向2在100 s−1应变率下动态失效区域
Figure 17. Dynamic failure region in the direction 2 at 100 s−1 strain rate
图 18 方向3在100 s−1应变率下动态失效区域
Figure 18. Dynamic failure region in the direction 3 at 100 s−1 strain rate
表 1 不同工况重复实验次数
Table 1. Times of repeated experiments under different conditions
方向 实验重复次数 准静态 10 s−1 100 s−1 方向 1 3 3 3 方向 2 3 3 3 方向 3 3 3 3 
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表 2 不同应变率、不同方向的强度、工程失效应变及方向1刚度
Table 2. Tensile strength and engineering failure strain of different strain rates in different directions and the stiffness in 1 direction
应变率 强度/MPa 方向 1 Einitial/GPa 方向 1 Echanged/GPa 失效应变 方向 1 方向 2 方向 3 方向 1 方向 2 方向 3 准静态 608 75 90 27.7 18.7 0.025 0.020 0.022 10 s−1 967 67 151 35.1 13.7 0.066 0.011 0.043 100 s−1 1 123 58 221 35.1 7.5 0.040 0.013 0.038
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表 3 不同方向的动态失效应变及其它相关参数(应变率：100 s−1)
Table 3. Dynamic failure strain and other relevant parameters in different directions (strain rete: 100 s−1)
方向 Einitial/GPa σf/MPa εf εeff 1 27.7 1 123 0.040 0.267 2 3.6 58 0.013 0.078 3 4.1 221 0.038 0.099
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