Effects of TiH2 content on dynamic mechanical properties and impact sensitivity of Al/PTFE
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摘要: 采用混合压制烧结法制备了4种不同TiH2含量的铝/氢化钛/聚四氟乙烯(Al/TiH2/PTFE)试件，并基于分离式霍普金森杆和落锤冲击实验，对反应材料的动态压缩力学性能、撞击感度及反应特性进行了研究。实验结果表明，4种材料均存在应变硬化和应变率硬化效应，随加载应变率的提高，材料屈服强度和硬化模量增大。相同加载应变率下，材料屈服强度随TiH2含量的增加而增高，材料压缩强度则先增高后降低，TiH2质量分数为5%时材料压缩强度达到最大值166.4 MPa，比Al/PTFE强度提高6.8%。在一定含量范围内(小于5%)，加入TiH2有助于提高Al/PTFE材料撞击感度和能量释放水平，而TiH2质量分数大于10%时，材料撞击感度和反应剧烈程度则逐渐降低。与Al/PTFE相比，含TiH2试件反应火光周围有明显的火星喷溅现象，且此现象TiH2含量越高越显著。Abstract: Four kinds of aluminum/ titanium hydride/ polytetrafluoroethylene (Al/TiH2/PTFE) samples with different TiH2 contents were prepared by the mixed/compression/sintering method. The dynamic compression mechanical properties, impact sensitivity and reaction characteristics of the reaction materials were studied based on the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) and drop-weight impact tests. The results indicate that the four materials all show strain hardening and strain rate hardening effects, and the yield strength and hardening modulus increase with the increasing of the strain rate. Under the same loading strain rate, the yield strength of the material increases with the increasing of TiH2 content, and the compressive strength of the material increases first and then decreases. When the mass fraction of TiH2 is 5%, the compressive strength of the material reaches the maximum value of 166.4 MPa, which is 6.8% higher than that of the Al/PTFE. Within a certain range of mass fraction (less than 5%), adding TiH2 helps to improve the impact sensitivity and energy release level of the Al/PTFE material, while the impact sensitivity and the reaction degree gradually decrease when the mass fraction of TiH2 exceeds 10%. Compared with the Al/PTFE, there are sparks spraying from the reaction region of the TiH2-contained specimens, and this phenomenon is more significant with the increasing of TiH2 content.
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图 3 原始粉末及不同类型试件内部结构的扫描电子显微镜图像
Figure 3. Scanning electron microscope images for original materials and different specimens
图 4 不同应变率下不同类型试件真实应力-应变曲线及同一应变率下(3 200 s−1左右)不同类型材料力学性能的比较
Figure 4. Ture stress-strain curves of different types of materials at different strain rates and comparison of mechanical properities among different types of materials at the strain rate of 3 200 s−1
图 5 不同应变率下B类材料动态压缩后回收放入试样
Figure 5. Recovered sample residues of Type B material under dynamic compression at different strain rates
图 6 90 cm落高下不同试件的反应现象
Figure 6. Reaction phenomena of different types of materials at the drop height of 90 cm
表 1 Al/TiH2/PTFE复合材料各组分配比及理论密度
Table 1. Component mass fractions and theoretical material densities of Al/TiH2/PTFE granular composites
材料类型 质量分数/% 材料理论密度/(g·cm−3) Al TiH2 PTFE A 26.5 0 73.5 2.31 B 25.2 5 69.8 2.36 C 23.8 10 66.2 2.41 D 21.2 20 58.8 2.52 
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表 2 3 200 s−1应变率下不同类型Al/TiH2/PTFE材料力学性能参数
Table 2. Mechanical property parameters for different types of Al/TiH2/PTFE at the strain rate of 3 200 s−1
材料类型 屈服强度/MPa 压缩强度/MPa 失效应变 A 48.3 155.8 0.62 B 52.4 166.4 0.70 C 57.1 154.5 0.65 D 61.3 150.9 0.57
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表 3 不同类型Al/TiH2/PTFE材料特性落高
Table 3. Characteristic drop height for different types of Al/TiH2/PTFE
材料类型 H50/cm 材料类型 H50/cm A 67 C 75 B 58 D 83
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