吸能包装模型结构的冲击响应

谢若泽; 钟卫洲; 黄西成; 张方举

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2018-0311

吸能包装模型结构的冲击响应

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2018-0311

谢若泽^{1, 2,},
钟卫洲^{1, 2, ,},
黄西成^{1, 2},
张方举^{1, 2}

1.
中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所，四川绵阳 621999
2.
工程材料与结构冲击振动四川省重点实验室，四川绵阳 621999

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11472257, 11572299）

详细信息

作者简介:
谢若泽（1970－　），男，硕士，研究员，xierz@caep.cn

通讯作者:
钟卫洲（1978－　），男，博士，研究员，zhongwz@caep.cn

中图分类号: O347
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-08-22
- 修回日期: 2018-12-01
- 刊出日期: 2019-10-01

Impact response of scaled models of an energy-absorbing container

XIE Ruoze^{1, 2
,},
ZHONG Weizhou^{1, 2
, ,},
HUANG Xicheng^{1, 2},
ZHANG Fangju^{1, 2}

1.
Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China
2.
Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 利用空气炮冲击实验对吸能包装结构的跌落过程进行模拟，进行了缩比模型的正撞和30°斜撞实验，针对模型实验进行了数值分析，获得了吸能包装结构模型在撞击过程中的应力分布和塑性变形，并将计算情况与实验结果进行了分析。结果表明：在撞击中吸能包装结构主要通过缓冲木材的塑性变形及外钢壳屈曲产生的塑性铰吸收能量，塑性变形主要集中于撞击端，而远离撞击端未见塑性变形；计算中木材本构参数采用顺纹方向压缩应力应变曲线具有一定的有效性。
- 吸能包装结构 /
- 冲击 /
- 模型实验 /
- 斜撞
Abstract: The drop process of an energy-absorbing container was simulated by air gun impact test, and the forward and 30° oblique impact experiments of the scale model were carried out. The numerical analysis for the model experiments was conducted to obtain the stress distribution and plastic deformation of the energy-absorbing container model in the impact process. And then the calculation and experimental results were compared. The results show that the energy-absorbing container absorbs energy mainly by the plastic deformation of cushion wood and the plastic hinges produced by the buckling of outer steel shell during impact, and its plastic deformation mainly concentrates at the impact end, while no plastic deformation is found far away from the impact end. In simulations, the compressive stress-strain curve of the wood in texture direction can be used to simulate the drop impact process of energy-absorbing container.
- energy-absorbing container /
- impact /
- model experiment /
- oblique impact

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图 1 基于包装结构缩比模型的弹丸

Figure 1. Projectile based on scaled model of container

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图 2 试验弹照片

Figure 2. Photo of experimental projectiles

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图 3 正撞实验靶板安装图

Figure 3. Targets in normal impact experiments

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图 4 30°斜撞实验靶板安装图

Figure 4. Target in oblique impact experiments

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图 5 试件正撞过程高速摄影照片

Figure 5. Process of normal impact

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图 6 正撞实验后模型弹形貌

Figure 6. Recovery projectiles after normal impact experiment

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图 7 2^#弹正撞实验撞击力历程

Figure 7. Impact force history in normal impact experiment (projectile 2^#)

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图 8 正撞实验后弹体内部结构

Figure 8. Internal structure of recovery projectiles of normal impact experiment

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图 9 试件斜撞过程高速摄影照片

Figure 9. Process of oblique impact

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图 10 斜撞实验后弹体形貌

Figure 10. Recovery projectiles after oblique impact experiment

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图 11 斜撞实验后弹体解剖照片（63.4 m/s）

Figure 11. Internal structure of recovery projectiles after oblique impact at the velocity of 63.4 m/s

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图 12 正撞整体模型网格图

Figure 12. FEA meshes for normal impact

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图 13 30°斜撞整体模型网格图

Figure 13. FEA meshes for oblique impact

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图 14 2^#弹撞击力试验测试与数值模拟比较

Figure 14. Impact force comparison between experiment and numerical simulation (projectile 2^#)

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图 15 整体变形计算与实验结果对比图（68.0 m/s，正撞）

Figure 15. Comparison of global deformation between simulation and experiment of projectile (68.0 m/s, normal impact)

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图 16 整体变形计算与实验结果对比图（63.4 m/s斜撞）

Figure 16. Comparison of global deformation between simulation and experiment of projectile (63.4 m/s, oblique impact)

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图 17 撞击端木垫层变形图（63.4 m/s斜撞）

Figure 17. Deformation of cushion at the collided end (63.4 m/s, oblique impact)

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表 1 弹丸撞击速度

Table 1. Impact velocity of projectile

撞击方向	弹号	质量/g	气压/MPa	弹速/(m∙s⁻¹)
正撞	1^#	3 405	0.20	30.4
	2^#	3 415	0.30	44.5
	3^#	3 450	0.55	68.0^*
30°斜撞	4^#	3 370	0.20	30.3
	5^#	3 410	0.30	44.1
	6^#	3 420	0.55	63.4
注：*测速系统未采到数据，此为根据高速摄影估算。

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表 2 弹靶材料力学性能参数

Table 2. Material properties of projectiles and targets

材料名称	ρ/(kg∙m⁻³)	E/GPa	ν	σ_s/MPa	E_P/MPa	失效应变
45钢	7 810	212	0.3	Johnson-Cook模型
云杉	413	11.33	0.1	采用实验测试顺纹方向压缩曲线
Q235	7 800	210	0.3	235	2 100	0.8
20钢	7 850	211	0.286	245	2 110	0.4

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