时程稳定性系数确定的边坡逐孔起爆孔间微差降振时间

周文海; 梁瑞; 陈金林; 朱冕; 陈鹏辉; 楼晓明; 王敦繁

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2018-0337

时程稳定性系数确定的边坡逐孔起爆孔间微差降振时间

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2018-0337

1.
兰州理工大学石油化工学院，甘肃兰州 730050
2.
紫金矿业集团股份有限公司紫金山金铜矿，福建龙岩 364200
3.
福州大学爆炸技术研究所，福建福州 350116
4.
浙江大学海洋学院，浙江舟山 316021

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（51566010）；甘肃省自然科学基金（B061709）

详细信息

作者简介:
周文海（1989－　），男，硕士，讲师，18394499554@139.com

通讯作者:
梁　瑞（1968－　），男，博士，教授，liangr@lut.cn

中图分类号: O389; TU45
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-09-03
- 修回日期: 2019-04-07
- 网络出版日期: 2019-06-25
- 刊出日期: 2019-08-01

Millisecond time for reducing vibration between two holes for slope blasting determined by stability coefficient of time history

1.
School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
2.
Zijinshan Cuproauride, Zijin Minim Group Co Ltd, Longyan 364200, Fujian, China
3.
Institute for Explosive Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, Fujian, China
4.
Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, China

摘要

摘要: 为了获得边坡逐孔爆破最佳降振微差时间，以某个实际边坡逐孔微差爆破施工现场为原型，先利用ANSYS建立二维静态模型，借助有限元折减法确定自然状态下的潜在滑动面和静态安全系数；基于已确定的二维潜在滑动面重新建立同尺寸同性质的三维逐孔微差爆破动态模型，利用LS-DYAN进行动力分析，整个过程分别设置同排3个炮孔0、17、25、42和65 ms等5种不同孔间微差起爆方式；同时，对该施工现场进行排、孔间（25 ms，17 ms）、（25 ms，25 ms）、（25 ms，42 ms）、（25 ms，65 ms）等4种微差时间控制的等比例相似小炮测振实验。提取模拟结果中3个炮孔同时起爆时滑面单元的应力数值代入极限平衡法计算公式，绘制了冲击载荷作用下边坡稳定性系数曲线，通过对曲线的理论分析发现，最佳降振微差时间约为48 ms；而三维数值模拟和测振实验结果均显示，孔间微差时间取42 ms时降振效果较佳。这说明，边坡稳定性系数曲线给出的微差时间与模拟和实验结果较为接近，可为今后边坡逐孔微差爆破降振研究提供参考。
- 冲击载荷 /
- 微差时间 /
- 边坡稳定性 /
- 安全系数 /
- 时程分析
Abstract: In the present study we found out about the optimum millisecond time for reducing vibration in hole-by-hole blasting, on the basis of an actual slope detonation work. At first we constructed a two-dimensional static model using ANSYS and determined the potential sliding surface and the static safety factor in the natural state using finite element reduction. Then we rebuilt the three-dimensional dynamic model of millisecond hole-by-hole blasting and carried out the dynamic analysis using LS-DYAN. In the whole process, we set up three holes in the same row using millisecond detonating by five differential millisecond time control of 0, 17, 25, 42 and 65 ms. At the end of the construction site, we conducted small-scale vibration tests of four millisecond time control in row holes (25 ms, 17 ms), (25 ms, 25 ms), (25 ms, 42 ms), (25 ms, 65 ms), with the stress value of the sliding surface unit during the simultaneous detonation of three holes in the simulated results taken into the formula of limit equilibrium, and drew out the time history curve of slope stability coefficient under impact loading. Analyzing the time history curve, we found that the optimum millisecond time for vibration reduction was 48 ms. Moreover, the results of three-dimensional numerical simulation and vibration test showed that the effect of vibration reduction was better when the millisecond time between holes was 42 ms. The result shows that the millisecond time, given by the slope stability coefficient, is consistent with the simulated and experimental results, which provides a reference for related research on vibration reduction of millisecond hole-by-hole blasting.
- impact load /
- millisecond delay time /
- slope stability /
- safety factor /
- time history analysis

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图 1 有限元法和极限平衡法

Figure 1. FEM and limit equilibrium method

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图 3 模型参数

Figure 3. Model parameters

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图 2 三维有限元计算模型

Figure 2. 3D finite element model of slope

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图 4 二维模型网格划分

Figure 4. Mesh generation of 2D

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图 5 三维模型网格划分

Figure 5. Mesh generation of 3D

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图 6 塑性区域分布

Figure 6. Plastic regional distribution

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图 7 应力分布

Figure 7. Stress distribution

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图 8 微差起爆合速度衰减规律

Figure 8. Resultant velocity attenuation regularity of millisecond detonating

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图 9 边坡稳定性系数曲线

Figure 9. Slope stability coefficient curve

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图 10 不同孔间微差起爆时测点A合速度衰减规律

Figure 10. Resultant velocity attenuation regularity of measuring point A with different millisecond detonating

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表 1 折减算法

Table 1. Strength reduction method

材料	凝聚力/kPa	tanφ	内摩擦角φ/(°)	安全系数	状态
MAT1	220	0.358 7	20.550	1	收敛
MAT2	110	0.179 3	10.275	2	收敛
$\vdots$	$\vdots$	$\vdots$	$\vdots$	$\vdots$	$\vdots$
MAT8	80.0	0.130 4	7.473	2.75	收敛(塑性已经贯通）
MAT9	7.91	0.129 0	7.392	2.78	不收敛

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表 2 各种计算方式的安全系数

Table 2. Safety factor for each calculation method

计算方法	安全系数分析方法	安全系数
极限平衡法	Circle slip method	2.525
	Bishop	2.505
	Janbu	2.679
有限元法	Strength reduction FEM（2D）	2.750
有限元法	Dynamic FEM（3D and t=0）	2.610

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表 3 不同孔间微差时间下监测点峰值速度

Table 3. Monitoring point’s peak speed at different hole millisecond time

不同微差爆组	测点	V_x/(cm·s⁻¹)	V_y/(cm·s⁻¹)	V_z/(cm·s⁻¹)	V_s/(cm·s⁻¹)
（25 ms, 17 ms）	A	0.736 1	0.483 6	1.158 9	1.222 7
	B	0.719 4	0.421 1	1.203 1	1.067 7
	C	0.669 8	0.502 3	1.149 9	1.138 1
	D	0.750 2	0.469 1	1.210 1	1.294 1
（25 ms, 25 ms）	A	1.115 0	1.286 1	0.475 4	1.436 1
	B	1.036 1	1.445 1	0.365 5	1.600 2
	C	1.000 4	1.302 2	0.446 8	1.387 8
	D	1.099 7	1.510 5	0.399 3	1.702 1
（25 ms, 42 ms）	A	0.554 5	0.505 6	0.457 3	0.630 6
	B	0.606 2	0.623 2	0.429 1	0.599 2
	C	0.581 8	0.601 7	0.362 7	0.541 0
	D	0.527 9	0.503 1	0.395 1	0.503 1
（25 ms, 65 ms）	A	0.741 7	0.723 8	0.529 7	0.875 6
	B	0.689 9	0.745 2	0.669 0	0.910 1
	C	0.713 5	0.758 1	0.632 8	0.943 7
	D	0.750 8	0.795 4	0.504 3	0.865 5

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