具有恒定冲击载荷的梯度泡沫金属材料设计

常白雪; 郑志军; 赵凯; 何思渊; 虞吉林

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2018-0431

具有恒定冲击载荷的梯度泡沫金属材料设计

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2018-0431

常白雪^{1, 2,},
郑志军^1, ,,
赵凯¹,
何思渊³,
虞吉林¹

1.
中国科学技术大学近代力学系中国科学院材料力学行为和设计重点实验室，安徽合肥 230026
2.
西安交通大学航天学院机械结构强度与振动国家重点实验室，陕西西安 710049
3.
东南大学生物科学与医学工程学院生物电子学国家重点实验室，江苏南京 210096

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11772330，11872360，11572087）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（WK2480000003）；机械结构强度与振动国家重点实验室开放基金（SV2017-KF-13）

详细信息

作者简介:
常白雪（1992－　），女，博士研究生，bxchang@mail.ustc.edu.cn

通讯作者:
郑志军（1979－　），男，博士，副教授，zjzheng@ustc.edu.cn

中图分类号: O347
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-10-31
- 修回日期: 2018-12-07
- 网络出版日期: 2019-04-25
- 刊出日期: 2019-04-01

Design of gradient foam metal materials with a constant impact load

CHANG Baixue^{1, 2
,},
ZHENG Zhijun^{1
, ,},
ZHAO Kai¹,
HE Siyuan³,
YU Jilin¹

1.
CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
2.
State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, School of Aerospace,Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China

摘要

摘要: 多胞材料可通过大变形大量地吸收冲击能量，引入密度梯度可进一步提高其耐撞性。梯度多胞材料的宏观力学响应对材料密度分布极为敏感，不同类型的细观构型的影响也极为不同。已有的研究工作主要局限在对给定的密度梯度分析其动态响应，较少对耐撞性设计方法进行研究。本文针对梯度闭孔泡沫金属材料，基于非线性塑性冲击波模型发展了耐撞性反向设计方法，以维持冲击物受载恒定为目标，运用级数法获得了简化模型和渐近解。利用变胞元尺寸法构建了连续梯度变化的三维Voronoi细观有限元模型，并利用ABAQUS/Explicit有限元软件对理论设计进行数值验证。结果表明，反向设计理论简化模型的渐近解对于梯度闭孔泡沫金属材料的耐撞性设计是有效的，所提出的耐撞性设计方法在控制冲击吸能过程和冲击物受载方面具有指导意义。
- 梯度多胞材料 /
- 耐撞性 /
- 渐近解 /
- 冲击波模型 /
- 细观有限元模型
Abstract: Cellular materials can absorb a large amount of impact energy with large deformation, and their crashworthiness may be improved by introducing density gradients. The macroscopic mechanical responses of graded cellular materials are very sensitive to their relative density distributions and the effects of meso-structures can be very different. Some of existing studies is mainly limited to the analysis on the dynamic mechanical response of graded cellular material with a given density gradient, and less on the crashworthiness design method is considered. Based on the nonlinear plastic shock wave model, a backward crashworthiness design method is developed for graded foams. A simplified model and an asymptotic solution are derived by applying the series method with the aim of maintaining a constant load on the impact object. The cell-based finite element models based on three-dimensional Voronoi structures with density continuously changing are constructed by applying the variable cell size method. The theoretical design is verified by using finite element software ABAQUS/Explicit. The numerical simulation results show that the asymptotic solution of the simplified model is effective for the crashworthiness design of graded foams, and the proposed crashworthiness design method is of instructive significance in controlling the energy absorption and impact process.
- graded cellular materials /
- crashworthiness /
- asymptotic solution /
- shock wave model /
- cell-based finite element model

HTML全文

图 1(a) 不同相对密度下闭孔泡沫模型的准静态应力应变关系

Figure 1(a). Nominal stress–strain relations of closed-cell foam models with different relative densities

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

1(b) 无量纲初始压溃应力和应变硬化参数与多胞模型相对密度的幂律关系^[13]

1(b). Power-law fitting of material parameters of the R-PH idealization with relative density^[13]

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图 2 质量块冲击梯度多胞杆

Figure 2. A diagram of 3D graded Voronoi models under mass impact

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图 3 相对密度分布的渐近解和冲击载荷历程的理论预测值

Figure 3. Theoretical predictions of asymptotic solutions of relative density distribution and the history curves of impact force

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 冲击速度与冲击波波阵面位置的历史曲线

Figure 4. Evolution history of impact velocity and location of shock front

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 密度梯度多胞杆细观有限元模型

Figure 5. Cell-based finite element models of density gradient cellular rods

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 梯度多胞细观有限元模型中轴剖面变形图

Figure 6. Deformation patterns of cell-based finite element models in the middle section of the density gradient cellular rods perpendicular to x-axis

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 冲击端和支撑端载荷理论预测与有限元计算结果的比较

Figure 7. Comparisons of impact force and support force curves history between theoretical predictions and finite element (FE) results

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图 8 有限元计算结果对比

Figure 8. Comparisons of finite element (FE) results

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