螺旋管聚能药包根底光面爆破机理研究及应用

邓永兴; 张中雷; 管志强; 杨中树; 马宏昊; 沈兆武

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2018-0495

螺旋管聚能药包根底光面爆破机理研究及应用

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2018-0495

邓永兴^1,,
张中雷²,
管志强²,
杨中树²,
马宏昊^{1, 3, ,},
沈兆武¹

1.
中国科学技术大学中国科学院材料力学行为和设计重点实验室，安徽合肥 230026
2.
大昌建设集团有限公司，浙江舟山 316021
3.
中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室，安徽合肥 230026

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（51674229，51874267）；中国科学技术大学重要方向项目培育基金（WK2480000002）

详细信息

作者简介:
邓永兴（1992－　），男，硕士研究生，dyxustc@mail.ustc.edu.cn

通讯作者:
马宏昊（1980－　），男，博士，副教授，hhma@ustc.edu.cn

中图分类号: O389
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-12-12
- 修回日期: 2019-02-26
- 网络出版日期: 2020-01-25
- 刊出日期: 2020-01-01

Research and application of root smooth blasting mechanism of shaped charge in spiral tube

1.
CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
2.
Darch Construction Group CO., LTD., Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China

摘要

摘要: 针对现阶段光面爆破存在的根底不平整问题以及炸药能量利用率低的问题，提出了一种螺旋管聚能药包。为探究药包的破岩机理，采用LS-DYNA数值模拟和钻孔爆破试验相结合的方法研究了此药包的破岩机理。数值模拟结果表明，螺旋管聚能药包能形成连续金属射流侵彻炮孔孔壁，孔壁被侵彻出垂直炮孔方向的裂缝。用普通柱状药包和此药包进行钻孔爆破对比试验，结果表明，螺旋管药包试样的残留炮孔孔壁有螺旋形侵彻缝，印证了数值模拟的侵彻结果。并且相比于普通柱状药包，其炮孔利用率提高7.2%、扩孔率提高8.4%。将此药包应用于舟山绿色石化基地围垦区，结果表明，螺旋管药包爆破区域根底高度平均比普通装药低14 cm，根底高度标准差比普通装药小12 cm。研究成果在爆破工程应用中有很大价值，可以降低施工成本、加快施工进度、提高爆破效果，适合在矿山开采、井巷掘进等工程中使用。
- 螺旋管药型罩 /
- 根底光面爆破 /
- 径向射流 /
- 深孔爆破 /
- 爆破根底
Abstract: Aiming at the unevenness of the root bottom and the low power capacity of the explosive in the present stage of smooth blasting, a kind of spiral tube shaped charge was put forward. In order to explore the rock-breaking mechanism of the charge, LS-DYNA numerical simulation and borehole blasting test were used to study the rock-breaking mechanism of the charge. Firstly, the numerical simulation results show that the spiral pipe shaped charge can form a continuous metal jet penetrating the borehole wall, and the borehole wall was penetrated out of the crack in the direction of the vertical borehole. The results show that there are helical perforation cracks in the borehole wall of the residual sample of spiral tube, which confirmed the penetration results of numerical simulation. In addition, the perforation utilization rate and reaming rate were increased by 7.2% and 8.4%, respectively, compared with the normal columnar charge. Finally, this charge was applied to the reclamation area of Zhoushan. The results showed that the average root height of the spiral pipe charge blasting area was 14 cm lower than that of the common charge, and the standard deviation of the root height was 12 cm less than that of the common charge, that is, the cumulative charge saved 14 cm hole depth and charge length and reduced the roughness of 12 cm.The research results are of great value in the application of blasting engineering, which can reduce the construction cost, speed up the construction progress and improve the blasting effect.
- spiral tube shaped charge /
- root smooth blasting /
- radial jet /
- deep borehole blasting /
- root bottom of blasting

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图 1 试验装置

Figure 1. Experimental apparatus

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图 2 药包结构

Figure 2. Structure of explosive charge

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图 3 爆破根底结果

Figure 3. Results of root bottoms

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图 4 爆破残留炮孔结果

Figure 4. Results of residual boreholes

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图 5 计算模型

Figure 5. Calculation model

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图 6 射流形成过程

Figure 6. Process of jet formation

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图 7 混凝土破碎过程

Figure 7. Process of concrete breaking

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