爆炸荷载下青砂岩动态起裂韧度的测试方法

肖定军; 朱哲明; 蒲传金; 陆路; 胡荣

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2018-0516

爆炸荷载下青砂岩动态起裂韧度的测试方法

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2018-0516

肖定军^{1, 2,},
朱哲明³,
蒲传金^{1, 2, ,},
陆路¹,
胡荣¹

1.
西南科技大学环境与资源学院，四川绵阳 621010
2.
西南科技大学工程材料与结构冲击振动四川省重点实验室，四川绵阳 621010
3.
四川大学建筑与环境学院，四川成都 610065

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11702181，11802255）；西南科技大学博士基金（19ZX7168）

详细信息

作者简介:
肖定军（1982－　），男，博士，讲师，xhemers@sina.com

通讯作者:
蒲传金（1979－　），男，硕士，副教授，puchuanjin@sina.com

中图分类号: O389
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-12-26
- 修回日期: 2019-05-10
- 网络出版日期: 2019-11-25
- 刊出日期: 2020-02-01

Study of testing method for dynamic initiation toughness of blue sandstone under blasting loading

XIAO Dingjun^{1, 2
,},
ZHU Zheming³,
PU Chuanjin^{1, 2
, ,},
LU Lu¹,
HU Rong¹

1.
College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
2.
Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
3.
College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 为了研究爆炸荷载下青砂岩I型裂纹动态断裂韧度的测试方法，利用内部中心单裂纹圆盘（internal center single crack disc，ICSCD）试样进行了爆炸试验研究。试样由外径为400 mm、内部加载孔径为40 mm、预制裂纹长为60 mm的青砂岩制成。利用同步触发器实现圆盘中心起爆，并同步触发超动态应变仪，通过径向应变片获取爆炸应变曲线、裂纹尖端的环向应变片获取裂纹起裂时刻。以实测爆炸应变曲线为参量，应用Laplace变换推导出试样加载孔壁应力时程曲线表达式，并用数值反演法得出其数值解。利用ANSYS有限元软件，建立数值计算模型，通过相互作用积分法得出了在爆炸荷载作用下砂岩的I型动态应力强度因子曲线。研究结果表明：（1）ICSCD试件能够很好地用来测试岩石的动态起裂韧度；（2）炮孔周边的应力可以通过拉普拉斯变换的数值反演方法得到；（3）通过试验-数值法能稳定计算出ICSCD砂岩构型的动态起裂韧度，其最大误差仅为7%。
- 爆炸荷载 /
- 应变测试 /
- 动态起裂韧度 /
- 数值反演法
Abstract: In this paper, an internal central single-cracked disk (ICSCD) specimen was proposed for the study of dynamic fracture initiation toughness of sandstone under blasting loading. We conducted blasting tests on an ICSCD specimen fabricated from a blue sandstone disc (400 mm in diameter) with a crack (60 mm in length), obtained a blasting strain-time curve from the radial strain gauges fixed around the blast hole, determined the fracture initiation time with the circumferential strain gauges placed around the crack tip, and then derived the stress history on the blast hole of the sandstone specimen from the measured strain curve through the Laplace transform. Furthermore, we obtained the numerical solutions using numerical inversion, establishing a numerical model using the finite element software ANSYS, and derived Type I dynamic stress intensity factor curves of the sandstone under blasting loading by the mutual interaction, with the results achieved: (1) the ICSCD specimen can be used to measure the dynamic initiation fracture toughness of rocks; (2) the stress on the blast hole wall can be obtained by the Laplace numerical inversion method; (3) the dynamic initiation fracture toughness of the ICSCD sandstone specimen can be calculated by the experimental-numerical method with an error below 7%.
- blasting loading /
- strain test /
- dynamic initiation fracture toughness /
- numerical inversion method

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图 1 实验数值方法流程图

Figure 1. Flow chart of experimental numerical method

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图 2 爆炸加载示意图

Figure 2. Sketch of specimen under explosive loading

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图 3 x与z方向应变曲线对比

Figure 3. Contrast of strain curves for x and z directions

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图 4 试样构型

Figure 4. Sketch map of specimens

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图 5 应变测试系统示意图

Figure 5. Strain test system

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图 6 炮孔近区典型应变波形

Figure 6. Typical histories of strain near blast holes

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图 7 断裂信号与起裂时间确定

Figure 7. Fracture signal and initiation time

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图 8 爆破后试样形态

Figure 8. Specimen failure patterns after blasting

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图 9 反演与实测应变对比曲线

Figure 9. Contrast of strain curves for inversion and testing

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图 10 炮孔应力回推曲线

Figure 10. Histories of pressure on wall of borehole

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图 11 J积分的定义简图

Figure 11. Definition of the J integral

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图 12 有限元计算加载模型

Figure 12. Finite element calculation loading model

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图 13 应力强度因子时程曲线

Figure 13. Histories of the stress intensity factor

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表 1 电阻应变片尺寸及参数

Table 1. Parameters of strain gauge

型号	敏感栅尺寸	基底尺寸	电阻值/Ω	灵敏度/%
BA120-10AA	9.8 mm×3.0 mm	15.0 mm×5.0 mm	120±0.2	2.21±1
BA120-1AA	1.0 mm×2.2 mm	4.3 mm×3.5 mm	120±0.2	2.21±1

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表 2 应变测点位置与测试值

Table 2. Location of Strain gauge point and test value

试样序号	测点号	$\overline r $	应变时间/μs					应变峰值/10⁻³
试样序号	测点号	$\overline r $	起始时间	峰值时间	终止时间	加载时间	卸载时间	应变峰值/10⁻³
1	G4	16	20.5	22.8	72.4	2.3	49.6	11.1
	G5	32	38.6	40.3	208.1	1.7	167.8	4.8
	G6	56	67.2	69.3	133.8	3.3	64.5	2.5
	G7	32	37.4	39.1	201.1	1.7	162.0	5.6
2	G4	16	20.7	22	71.1	1.3	49.1	11.7
	G5	32	38.9	40.6	204.8	1.7	164.2	5.4
	G6	56	67.5	69.3	132.4	1.8	63.1	3.0
	G7	32	36.0	39.7	204.9	3.7	165.2	5.5
3	G4	16	20.5	22.9	78.6	2.4	55.7	13.6
	G5	32	38.5	40.3	210.2	1.8	169.9	4.6
	G6	56	67.1	71.7	137.5	4.6	65.8	2.8
	G7	32	40.4	42.1	205.6	1.7	163.5	5.6
4	G4	16	20.9	22.6	70.9	1.7	48.3	14.1
	G5	32	38.7	41.5	215.8	2.8	174.3	5.3
	G6	56	68.5	70.7	148.3	2.2	77.6	2.9
	G7	32	38.7	40.6	215.8	1.9	175.2	5.6

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表 3 裂纹断裂时间

Table 3. Time of the crack fracture

试样序号	测点号	$\overline r $	应变时间/μs
试样序号	测点号	$\overline r $	起始时间	断裂时间	断裂积累时间
1	G2	32	38.0	79.9	41.9
2	G2	32	37.5	84.4	46.9
3	G2	32	39.5	86.4	47.0
4	G2	32	38.7	78.8	40.1
平均值		32	38.4	82.4	44.0

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表 4 不同试样起裂韧度

Table 4. Fracture toughness of different specimens

试样	回推点	起裂韧度/ (MPa·m^−1/2)	平均值/ (MPa·m^−1/2)
1	G5	4.7	5.0
1	G7	5.2	5.0
2	G5	5.1	5.5
2	G7	5.9	5.5
3	G5	4.8	5.2
3	G7	5.5	5.2
4	G5	4.8	4.8

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