Characteristics of dynamic explosive shock wave of moving charge
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摘要: 导弹、炮弹等战斗部爆炸时具有一定的速度，较大的运动速度会使爆炸冲击波场分布发生变化，进而对弹药的毁伤威力产生影响。本文中采用AUTODYN软件对速度分别为0、272、340、680、1 020和1 700 m/s的TNT球形裸装药在空气中爆炸的冲击波场进行了仿真计算，定量研究装药在动爆条件下的峰值超压、比冲量和正压作用时间等威力参数特性。结果表明，方位角小于90°时装药速度与冲击波超压、比冲量成正相关，与正压作用时间成负相关；方位角大于90°时装药速度与冲击波超压、比冲量成负相关，与正压作用时间成正相关。超压峰值大小沿方位角成正弦变化。最后，分析了冲击波峰值超压数据，建立了动爆冲击波超压的计算模型，该模型计算结果与仿真和实验结果吻合较好。Abstract: When warheads such as missiles and artillery bombs explode with a certain velocity, such velocity of motion will change the field of blast wave and thus affect the damage power of ammunition. In this paper, numerical simulation of shock wave field of spherical TNT explosion is carried out by using AUTODYN with velocities of 0, 272, 340, 680, 1 020 and 1 700 m/s, respectively. The peak overpressure, specific impulse and positive pressure time of blast wave field are studied quantitatively. The results show that when the azimuth angle is less than 90°, the velocity of the propellant is positively correlated with the shock wave overpressure and specific impulse, and negatively correlated with the positive pressure time; when the azimuth angle is greater than 90°, the velocity of the propellant is negatively correlated with the shock wave overpressure and specific impulse, and positively correlated with the positive pressure time. The peak overpressure presents sinusoidal variation along azimuth. A calculation model of dynamic detonation shock wave overpressure is established by analyzing the peak overpressure data of shock wave. The calculation results of the model are in good agreement with the simulation and experimental results.
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Key words:
- air blast /
- dynamic explosion /
- shock wave characteristics /
- AUTODYN software
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图 2 当t=0.4 ms时不同速度下的冲击波压力云图
Figure 2. Pressure contour of shock waves under different velocities at t=0.4 ms
图 3 不同比例距离时超压峰值随方位角的变化
Figure 3. Peak overpressure Δp changes with θ under different
$\overline R $ 
图 5 不同比例距离时比冲量随方位角的变化
Figure 5. Specific impluse I changes with θ under different
$\overline R $ 
图 6 不同比例距离时正压时间随方位角的变化
Figure 6. Position pressure time τ changes with θ under different
$\overline R $ 表 1 超压数据与公式计算结果比较
Table 1. Comparison of peak overpressure results with theoretical values
Δp/MPa η/% 模拟 Henrych公式 2.49 2.38 4.41 0.97 0.94 3.78 0.47 0.47 1.07 0.28 0.27 2.22 
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表 2 仿真计算结果对比
Table 2. Comparison of simulation results
v/(m·s−1) $\overline R $/(m·kg−1/3) θ/(°) Δp/kPa η/% 公式 静爆 模拟 100 0.72 15 1 609.03 1 516.35 1 663.80 3.29 100 1.81 15 214.91 219.84 236.42 9.09 100 1.26 73 394.31 480.98 493.13 20.04 100 0.54 164 1 155.98 2 552.41 2 322.79 50.23 500 0.72 15 2 324.81 1 516.35 2 367.87 1.82 500 1.81 15 310.52 219.84 317.83 2.30 500 1.26 73 569.71 480.98 533.51 6.79 500 0.54 164 1 670.22 2 552.41 1 579.85 5.72 1 500 0.72 15 5 551.67 1 516.35 5 249.82 5.75 1 500 1.81 15 741.52 219.84 690.90 7.33
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表 3 实验结果对比
Table 3. Comparison of experimental results
v/(m·s−1) $\overline R $/(m·kg−1/3) θ/(°) Δp/kPa η/% 实验 公式 534.31 1.37 15 627.42 638.32 1.71 534.31 1.37 45 565.37 572.21 1.20 534.31 1.37 105 361.97 375.33 3.56 587.65 1.19 15 751.53 926.03 18.84 587.65 1.19 45 599.84 830.13 27.74 587.65 1.19 105 379.21 544.50 30.36
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