深部岩体变形破坏的特征能量因子与应用

陈昊祥; 王明洋; 李杰

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2019-0191

深部岩体变形破坏的特征能量因子与应用

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2019-0191

陆军工程大学爆炸冲击防灾减灾国家重点实验室，江苏南京 210007

基金项目: 国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）（2013CB036005）；国家自然科学基金（51527810，51679249）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈昊祥（1992－　），男，博士，chx@stu.bucea.edu.cn

通讯作者:
王明洋（1966－　），男，博士，教授，博士生导师，wmyrf@163.com

中图分类号: O383; TU45
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-05-05
- 修回日期: 2019-06-28
- 网络出版日期: 2019-07-25
- 刊出日期: 2019-08-01

A characteristic energy factor for deformation and failure of deep rock masses and its application

State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Explosion and Impact, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, 210007, Jiangsu, China

摘要

摘要: 深部岩体在高地应力作用下储存了大量的弹性应变能。在开挖或爆破扰动作用下，原有的平衡状态被打破，围岩中形成了有势场和不平衡应力场。在不平衡力场和扰动场的共同作用下，岩体的变形与破坏表现出了诸如分区破裂化、大变形、岩爆以及人工地震等非线性行为。传统的连续介质理论并不能考虑岩体的构造特性与含能特性，因此无法很好地解释深部岩体的特殊非线性力学现象。特征能量因子从能量的角度出发，结合统计物理学观点，为分析深部岩体在动静荷载组合作用下的变形和破坏过程提供了有效的理论支撑。本文主要对特征能量因子进行了简要介绍，并回顾了其在深部岩体分区破裂以及动力诱发围岩不可逆变形等非线性工程灾害现象中的应用。
- 深部岩体 /
- 构造层级 /
- 含能特性 /
- 有势场与扰动场 /
- 工程灾害
Abstract: As high elastic strain energy is stored in deep rock masses with high geo-stress, the initial equilibrium state in rock masses is broken as a result of excavation and explosion, thus forming the unbalanced force and energy field forms. The deformation and fracture of rock masses exhibit remarkable nonlinearity, such as zonal disintegration, large deformation, rockburst and artificial earthquake, under the combination of unbalanced force field and disturbance of dynamic loads, which leads to the special stress state for the deep rock masses. The classic continuum theory does not consider the natural discrete and energetic characteristics, and therefore cannot describe the nonlinear mechanical behavior of deep rock masses. Combining statistical physics, the characteristic energy factor provides a powerful theoretical proof for studying the deformation and fracture process of deep rock masses under the action of dynamic and static loading. In this paper, the characteristic energy factor is introduced briefly and its applications in engineering disasters such as zonal disintegration and irreversible deformation are reviewed.
- deep rock masses /
- structural hierarchies /
- energetic features /
- potential and disturbing fields /
- engineering disaster

HTML全文

图 1 不同等级断层形成模式示意图^[20]

Figure 1. Fault formation pattern of different scale levels^[20]

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图 2 一维岩块体系摆型波试验实验示意图^[31]

Figure 2. Illustration of one-dimensional rock blocks ship test^[31]

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图 3 围岩在准定常场与扰动场共同作用下的运动

Figure 3. Motion of surrounding rocks under combined effect of quasi-stable and disturbing fields

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图 4 分区破裂半径计算与监测结果对比图^[35-37]

Figure 4. Comparison between prediction by formula and in-situ observation^[35-37]

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图 5 地下爆炸扰动荷载下围岩块体示意图

Figure 5. Motion of rock blocks under explosion disturbance

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 地下爆炸激活块体实验数据与理论拟合曲线

Figure 6. Test results of rock size activated by large equivalent underground explosion

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图 7 地下爆炸诱发不可逆位移区范围与实验结果对比

Figure 7. Comparison of calculation results with experimental data of nuclear explosion

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表 1 不同岩体中系数A和n的统计值

Table 1. Statistical values of A and n

岩体	花岗岩	盐岩	凝灰岩
A	(10～13)×10³	(8～10)×10³	(3～4)×10³
n	1.6～1.75	1.6	1.6

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表 2 地下核爆炸不可逆位移实测数据^[34]

Table 2. Experimental results of irreversible deformation of underground explosion

核爆炸试验	岩性	当量/ kt	埋深/ m	不可逆位移半径/(m·kt^−1/3)	k_d(×10⁻¹⁰)
Greeley	凝灰岩	825	1 215	570	4.9
Duryea	流纹岩	65	547	239	8.0
Boxcar	凝灰岩	1 200	1 160	584	4.6
Benham	凝灰岩	1 100	1 400	1 260	1.6
Milrow	枕熔岩	1 000	1 219	809	1.6

下载: 导出CSV

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