超材料混凝土的带隙特征及对冲击波的衰减效应

张恩; 路国运; 杨会伟; 曹瑞东; 陈鹏程

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2019-0252

超材料混凝土的带隙特征及对冲击波的衰减效应

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2019-0252

张恩^1,,
路国运^1, ,,
杨会伟¹,
曹瑞东^{2, 3},
陈鹏程¹

1.
太原理工大学土木工程学院，山西太原 030024
2.
太原理工大学材料强度与结构冲击山西省重点实验室，山西太原 030024
3.
山西大学土木工程系，山西太原 030013

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11372209）；山西省自然科学基金（201901D111089）

详细信息

作者简介:
张　恩（1991－　），男，博士研究生，18734862993@163.com

通讯作者:
路国运（1973－　），男，博士，教授，luguoyun@tyut.edu.cn

中图分类号: O382
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-06-25
- 修回日期: 2020-04-26
- 网络出版日期: 2020-05-25
- 刊出日期: 2020-06-01

Band gap features of metaconcrete and shock wave attenuation in it

1.
College of Civil Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
2.
Shanxi Key Laboratory of Material Strength and Structural Impact, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
3.
Department of Civil Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030013, Shanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 借鉴超材料的研究思路，在混凝土中引入谐振骨料，设计出具有消波特性的超材料混凝土。首先，通过结构动力学方法计算超材料混凝土的有效质量，从而建立了超材料混凝土带隙起始频率及截止频率的简化模型，并给出了带隙起始频率及截止频率的理论表达式。然后，分析了涂层弹性模量、芯柱密度、基体密度、骨料体积占比和芯柱边长与软涂层厚度比对超材料混凝土带隙特征的影响。最后，采用数值模拟的方法，对比了超材料混凝土和普通混凝土对冲击波的衰减效应。研究结果表明：(1)低弹性模量涂层能够形成低频带隙，但带隙宽度较窄，而高弹性模量涂层能够形成较宽的带隙，但带隙起始频率较高；(2)通过选择高密度芯柱材料和低密度基体材料，可以得到低频、宽带隙特征；(3)通过增大骨料体积占比和芯柱边长与软涂层厚度比可以实现扩宽带隙的目的；(4)与普通混凝土相比，超材料混凝土对冲击波具有更好的衰减作用。
- 超材料混凝土 /
- 带隙特征 /
- 起始频率 /
- 截止频率 /
- 衰减效应
Abstract: Based on the research ideas of metamaterials, a novel concrete with wave-absorbing features was designed by introducing local resonant aggregates into plain concrete. First, the effective mass of the designed metaconcrete was calculated by means of structural dynamics. Simplified models for the start and cutoff frequencies of the band gap in the metaconcrete were established, and the theoretical expressions for the band gap start and cutoff frequencies were proposed. The effects of the following parameters on the band gap features of the metaconcrete were analyzed by the proposed theoretical models, including the coating elastic modulus, core density, matrix density, aggregate volume ratio, and ratio of core length to soft thickness. Finally, the numerical simulations were carried out to compare the attenuation effects of shock waves in the metaconcrete to those in the plain concrete. The research results reveal that the flexible coating results in a low-frequency attenuation domain, but the width of the attenuation domain is narrow; while the high elastic modulus coating can form a wider attenuation domain, but the attenuation domain has a higher start frequency. A low frequency and wide band gap can be obtained by selecting large-density core material and small-density matrix material. A wide band gap can be achieved by increasing the proportion of aggregate volume and the ratio of core length to soft thickness. Compared with the plain concrete, the metaconcrete has a better attenuation effect on shock wave.
- metaconcrete /
- band gap feature /
- start frequency /
- cutoff frequency /
- attenuation

HTML全文

图 1 本文中提出的超材料混凝土

Figure 1. Metaconcrete designed in this paper

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图 2 超材料混凝土单胞及一维晶格系统

Figure 2. A unit cell and one-dimensional lattice systems for metaconcrete

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图 3 有效质量与激振频率的关系

Figure 3. Relationship between effective mass and excitation frequency

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图 4 带隙起始频率及截止频率的简化模型^[22]

Figure 4. Simplified models for band gap start and cutoff frequencies^[22]

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图 5 涂层弹性模量对带隙特性的影响

Figure 5. Effects of coating elastic modulus on band gap

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图 6 芯柱密度对带隙特征的影响

Figure 6. Effects of core column density on band gap

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图 7 基体密度对带隙特征的影响

Figure 7. Effects of matrix density on band gap

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图 8 γ=10时，骨料体积占比对带隙特征的影响

Figure 8. Effect of volume fraction of aggregate on band gap when γ=10

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图 9 当β=0.36时，γ对带隙特征的影响

Figure 9. Effect of γ on band gap when β=0.36

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图 10 有限元模型俯视图

Figure 10. The top views of finite element models

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图 11 冲击波压力-时间曲线

Figure 11. Pressure-time curve of shock wave

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图 12 各截面平均应力时程曲线

Figure 12. Average stress-time curve at each section

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