玄武岩纤维高延性水泥基复合材料的动态力学性能

张娜; 周健; 徐名凤; 李辉; 马国伟

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2019-0351

玄武岩纤维高延性水泥基复合材料的动态力学性能

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2019-0351

张娜^{1, 2,},
周健^1, ,,
徐名凤¹,
李辉¹,
马国伟¹

1.
河北工业大学土木与交通学院，天津 300401
2.
陆军军事交通学院国防交通系，天津 300161

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目（51878238）

详细信息

作者简介:
张　娜（1984－　），女，博士研究生，讲师，zn2011@126.com

通讯作者:
周　健（1982－　），男，博士，教授，zhoujian@hebut.edu.cn

中图分类号: O383
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- 文章访问数: 6217
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-09-11
- 修回日期: 2019-12-11
- 网络出版日期: 2020-03-25
- 刊出日期: 2020-05-01

Dynamic mechanical properties of basalt fiber engineered cementitious composites

ZHANG Na^{1, 2
,},
ZHOU Jian^{1
, ,},
XU Mingfeng¹,
LI Hui¹,
MA Guowei¹

1.
School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
2.
Department of Defense and Transportation, Army Military Transportation College, Tianjin 300161, China

摘要

摘要: 利用玄武岩纤维和水泥基材料，通过一定配比融合制成了在静态拉伸试验中呈现多缝开裂、应变硬化、极限拉伸应变0.5%以上的玄武岩纤维高延性水泥基复合材料(basalt fiber engineered cementitious composites, BF-ECCs)。用分离式霍普金森压杆(split Hopkinson pressure bar, SHPB)装置对不同玄武岩纤维掺量的水泥基复合材料进行动态压缩和动态劈裂试验。结果表明：(1)在压、拉两种应力状态下,玄武岩纤维对水泥基复合材料的静态强度、动态强度均有增强，且高应变率下玄武岩纤维对抗压强度动态增幅较小，对劈裂强度动态增幅较大；(2) BF-ECC的抗压强度和劈裂强度均随应变率升高而显著提高，两者均可以采用动态增强因子(dynamic increase factor, DIF)反映动态强度的增幅，但劈裂强度的应变率敏感性强于抗压强度；(3)依据试验得到的普通水泥混凝土速率敏感性的CEB-FIP方程(2010)不适用于BF-ECCs。
- 玄武岩纤维 /
- BF-ECC /
- 静态压缩 /
- 静态拉伸 /
- 动态压缩 /
- 动态劈裂
Abstract: Basalt fiber engineered cementitious composites (BF-ECCs) were prepared by using a certain ratio of basalt fiber and cement-based material. The prepared material showed multiple cracks in static tensile test and its tensile strain was above 0.5%. For the cementitious composites with different basalt fiber contents, dynamic compression and dynamic splitting tests were carried out by using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) device. The results show the followings. (1) Both the static and dynamic strengths are enhanced under compression and tension conditions by basalt fiber. At high strain rates, the dynamic increase in compressive strength is small, and the dynamic increase in the splitting strength is large. (2) The compressive and splitting strengths of the BF-ECCs increase significantly with increasing strain rate, both of which can use a dynamic increase factor (DIF) to reflect the increase in dynamic strength, but the strain rate sensitivity of the splitting strength is stronger than that of the compressive strength. (3) According to the test, the CEB-FIP equation (2010) of ordinary cement concrete rate sensitivity is not applicable to the BF-ECCs.
- basalt fibers /
- BF-ECC /
- static compression /
- static stretching /
- impact compression /
- dynamic splitting

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图 1 单轴拉伸试样尺寸

Figure 1. Dimensions of specimens used in uniaxial tensile tests

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图 2 静态压缩试验

Figure 2. Static compression test

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图 3 静态拉伸试验

Figure 3. Static tensile test

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图 4 SHPB试验装置

Figure 4. SHPB experimental device

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图 5 动态压缩试验

Figure 5. Impact compression test

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图 6 不同玄武岩纤维掺量试样静态拉伸应力-应变曲线

Figure 6. Static tensile stress-strain curves of specimens with different volume fractions of basalt fiber

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图 7 第2应变率下试样的破坏形态

Figure 7. Failure modes of specimens at their corresponding second strain rates

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图 8 不同玄武岩纤维掺量试样应力-应变曲线

Figure 8. Stress-strain curves of specimens with different basalt fiber contents

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图 9 不同应变率下试样的动态抗压强度

Figure 9. Dynamic compressive strengths of specimens at different strain rates

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图 10 动态抗压强度增长因子与应变率的关系

Figure 10. Relation of dynamic increase factor of compressive strength to strain rate

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图 11 不同纤维掺量试样在其第1动态劈裂应变率下的破坏形态

Figure 11. Failure modes of BF-ECC specimens with different fiber volume fractions at their corresponding first dynamic crack strain rates

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图 12 不同应变率下试样的动态劈裂强度

Figure 12. Dynamic tensile strengths of specimens at different strain rates

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图 13 动态劈裂强度增强因子与应变率的关系

Figure 13. Relation of dynamic increase factor of tensile strength to strain rate

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表 1 主要原材料中不同化学成分的质量分数

Table 1. Mass fractions of different chemical ingredients in main raw materials

原材料	质量分数/%
原材料	二氧化硅	氧化铝	氧化铁	氧化钙	氧化镁	三氧化硫	烧失量	总计
铝酸盐水泥	7.95	50.33	2.38	32.6	2.03	−	0.57	95.86
粉煤灰	48.63	37.37	3.78	3.05	1.60	0.84	3.61	98.88
硅灰	87.28	1.09	0.75	0.87	1.76	1.47	4.74	97.96

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表 2 不同试样的材料质量配合比

Table 2. Material mix proportions in the different specimens

试样编号	质量分数/%			减水剂与固体质量之比	φ/%	水固质量之比
试样编号	水泥	粉煤灰	硅灰	减水剂与固体质量之比	φ/%	水固质量之比
BF0%	40	50	10	1∶250	0	1∶5
BF2%	40	50	10	1∶250	2	1∶5
BF3%	40	50	10	1∶250	3	1∶5

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表 3 静态抗压和抗拉强度

Table 3. Static compression and tensile strength

φ/%	f_sta,c/MPa	f_sta,ten/MPa	ε_lim,ten/%
0	30.2±0.23	3.24±0.029	0.09±0.001
2	32.1±0.19	3.71±0.009	0.20±0.003
3	34.1±0.25	3.87±0.008	0.66±0.002

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表 4 BF-ECC试样动态压缩下的主要力学参数

Table 4. Main mechanical parameters of BF-ECC specimens under dynamic compression

φ/%	${\dot \varepsilon _0}/{{\rm{s}}^{ - 1}}$	f_d,c/MPa	ε_lim,c/10^-6	φ/%	${\dot \varepsilon _0}/{{\rm{s}}^{ - 1}}$	f_d,c/MPa	ε_lim,c/10^-6	φ/%	${\dot \varepsilon _0}/{{\rm{s}}^{ - 1}}$	f_d,c/MPa	ε_lim,c/10^-6
0	36.1	36.8±0.73	6 530±173	2	38.9	39.4±2.38	7 113±242	3	44.2	39.1±1.93	8 550±189
	55.4	43.0±1.82	5 693±221		50.5	46.2±1.93	5 160±233		66.2	47.5±2.53	8 047±245
	77.7	46.6±1.41	6 043±194		71.7	48.9±1.91	5 497±201		76.9	53.0±1.82	5 320±267
	202.3	58.4±1.52	7 253±203		187.7	59.3±2.63	6 637±196		172.8	60.7±2.56	5 967±234

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表 5 动态劈裂试验结果

Table 5. Dynamic splitting test results

φ/%	${\dot \varepsilon _0}/{{\rm{s}}^{ - 1}}$	f_d,ten/MPa	φ/%	${\dot \varepsilon _0}/{{\rm{s}}^{ - 1}}$	f_d,ten/MPa	φ/%	${\dot \varepsilon _0}/{{\rm{s}}^{ - 1}}$	f_d,ten/MPa
	2.8	6.3±0.31		4.1	7.4±0.07		3.9	8.6±0.26
0	3.7	7.0±0.10	2	4.5	7.9±0.31	3	4.5	9.3±0.45
	6.3	7.5±0.20		8.1	8.4±0.12		8.5	10.7±0.32

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