长杆弹超高速侵彻半无限混凝土靶实验研究及开坑分析

王杰; 武海军; 周婕群; 石啸海; 李金柱; 皮爱国; 黄风雷

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2019-0439

长杆弹超高速侵彻半无限混凝土靶实验研究及开坑分析

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2019-0439

王杰^{1, 2,},
武海军^1, ,,
周婕群³,
石啸海³,
李金柱¹,
皮爱国¹,
黄风雷¹

1.
北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室，北京 100081
2.
中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所，四川绵阳 621999
3.
中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所，四川绵阳 621999

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11572048，11521062）；国家自然科学基金委员会与中国工程物理研究院联合基金（U1730128）

详细信息

作者简介:
王　杰（1993－　），男，博士，工程师，wjbit0129@126.com

通讯作者:
武海军（1974－　），男，博士，教授，wuhj@bit.edu.cn

中图分类号: O385
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- 文章访问数: 3615
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-11-19
- 修回日期: 2020-03-16
- 网络出版日期: 2020-08-25
- 刊出日期: 2020-09-01

Experiment research and crater analysis of long rodhypervelocity penetration into concrete

1.
State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
2.
Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China
3.
Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 随着超高速动能武器的发展，长杆弹超高速侵彻混凝土靶机理成为当前的研究热点。为了探究长杆弹超高速侵彻混凝土靶的侵彻机理和开坑规律，本文中开展了TU1铜、Q235钢两类长杆弹以初速度1.8～2.4 km/s正侵彻强度26.5、42.1 MPa混凝土靶的超高速实验。结合文献和本文中的实验数据，对开坑直径和开坑体积进行量纲分析，基于开坑截面的弓形形貌几何关系，得到了开坑深度预测公式。结果表明：靶面开坑尺寸明显大于中低速侵彻时的靶面开坑尺寸，在分析侵彻机理的过程中不能忽略开坑阶段；弹体发生严重的长度缩短，直至最后完全侵蚀，弹洞半径明显大于弹体半径，说明长杆弹超高速侵彻半无限混凝土靶属于半流体侵彻机制。另外，在超高速侵彻条件下：弹体长度是影响侵彻深度的最主要参数；侵彻深度随弹体长度和密度的增大而增大，受弹体强度影响不大。
- 长杆弹 /
- 超高速侵彻 /
- 混凝土 /
- 开坑
Abstract: With the development of hypervelocity kinetic energy weapons, the mechanism of long rod hypervelocity penetration into concrete target was a research highlight. To study the penetration mechanism and the crater law of long rod hypervelocity penetration into concrete, two kinds of long rods, TU1 and Q235, hypervelocity penetration into concrete with initial velocity of 1.8−2.4 km/s were experimented. Dimensional analyses of crater diameter and crater volume were performed based on the experiment data from this paper and references. Prediction formula of crater depth was derived from the bowl shape contour of crater section. The crater size of hypervelocity penetration was obviously larger than that of low and medium velocity penetration, and so the crater phase was non-negligible during the penetration mechanism researches. The length of the long rod was severely shortened until the long rod was completely eroded, the radius of the hole was obviously larger than that of long rod, and these results can be used to verify that the mechanism of long rod hypervelocity penetration into concrete was semi-fluid penetration. At the same time, it can be seen from the experimental results that the length of the long rod was the most important parameter affecting the penetration depth. The penetration depth increased with the increase of the length and density of the projectile, but was not affected by the strength of the long rod.
- long rod /
- hypervelocity penetration /
- concrete /
- crater

HTML全文

图 1 钨合金长杆弹和混凝土靶的破坏^[24]

Figure 1. Tungsten long rod and failure of concrete target^[24]

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图 2 超高速侵彻混凝土靶的开坑形貌和开坑截面CT扫描^[27]

Figure 2. Crater and CT scanning of crater section of long rod hypervelocity penetration into concrete^[27]

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图 3 长杆弹实物

Figure 3. Photo of long rods

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图 4 混凝土靶体实物

Figure 4. Photos of concrete targets

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图 5 发射结构及其尺寸

Figure 5. Launch structures and their geometries

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图 6 发射结构实物

Figure 6. Photos of launch structures

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图 7 OBB测速装置

Figure 7. OBB velocity measure device

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图 8 测速装置实物

Figure 8. Photo of velocity measure device

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图 9 X射线照片

Figure 9. X-ray flash photo

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图 10 靶架实物

Figure 10. Photo of target holder

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图 11 靶体放置

Figure 11. Photo of target placement

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图 12 实验回收的弹体碎渣

Figure 12. Recovered debris of long rod after experiment

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图 13 靶面开坑

Figure 13. Crater of target surface

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图 14 剖靶后的开坑和弹洞截面

Figure 14. Crater and hole after cutting target

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图 15 开坑直径与动能的实验数据和拟合

Figure 15. Fitting of crater diameter and kinetic energy experimental data

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图 16 开坑体积与动能的实验数据和拟合

Figure 16. Fitting of crater volume and kinetic energy experimental data

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图 17 开坑直径的拟合

Figure 17. Fitting of crater diameter

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图 18 开坑体积的拟合

Figure 18. Fitting of crater volume

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图 19 弓形开坑截面

Figure 19. Section of bow-shaped crater

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表 1 弹体的结构和材料参数

Table 1. Geometric and material parameters of long rods

长度/mm	直径/mm	长径比	材料	强度/MPa	密度/(g·cm⁻³)	质量/g
146	10	14.6	TU1无氧铜	120	8.89	102.43
108	10	10.8	TU1无氧铜	120	8.89	69.80
146	10	14.6	Q235钢	235	7.83	89.85
108	10	10.8	Q235钢	235	7.83	61.60

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表 2 长杆弹超高速侵彻半无限混凝土靶的实验条件

Table 2. Experimental conditions of long rods hypervelocity penetration into semi-infinite concrete targets

实验	弹体材料	L_p/D_p	发射结构质量/g	靶体强度/MPa	速度/(km·s⁻¹)
1	TU1	14.6	222.65	26.5	2.337 5
2	TU1	14.6	222.62	42.1	2.157 5
3	Q235	14.6	210.29	42.1	2.157 5
4	TU1	10.8	166.10	26.5	2.041 0
5	Q235	10.8	157.11	26.5	2.014 0
6	TU1	14.6	222.65	26.5	1.841 0

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表 3 长杆弹超高速侵彻半无限混凝土靶的实验结果

Table 3. Experimental results of long rods hypervelocity penetration into semi-infinite concrete targets

实验	开坑直径/mm	开坑体积/L	开坑深度/mm	侵彻深度/mm	弹洞直径/mm
1	714	30.46	171	450	63.11
2	572	15.53	120	370	49.50
3	608	23.18	162	350	42.51
4	615	16.81	116	310	52.46
5	610	20.71	144	288	46.19
6	595	20.02	142	361	46.94

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表 4 开坑深度预测结果

Table 4. Prediction of crater depths

本文实验	开坑深度/mm		相对误差/%	文献[28] 实验	开坑深度/mm		相对误差/%
本文实验	实验	预测	相对误差/%	文献[28] 实验	实验	预测	相对误差/%
1	171	119.40	−30.18	01	31.5	20.33	−38.76
2	120	96.99	−19.17	25	22.7	17.15	−24.43
3	162	93.38	−42.36	04	21.5	16.79	−21.92
4	116	97.87	−15.63	24	24.7	15.60	−36.85
5	144	94.31	−34.51	29	21.0	15.21	−27.58
6	142	101.79	−28.32	02	21.5	14.64	−31.92

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