冲击速度和轴向静载对红砂岩破碎及能耗的影响

金解放 吴越 张睿 王熙博 余雄 钟依禄

金解放, 吴越, 张睿, 王熙博, 余雄, 钟依禄. 冲击速度和轴向静载对红砂岩破碎及能耗的影响[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2020, 40(10): 103101. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2019-0479
引用本文: 金解放, 吴越, 张睿, 王熙博, 余雄, 钟依禄. 冲击速度和轴向静载对红砂岩破碎及能耗的影响[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2020, 40(10): 103101. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2019-0479
JIN Jiefang, WU Yue, ZHANG Rui, WANG Xibo, YU Xiong, ZHONG Yilu. Effect of impact velocity and axial static stress on fragmentation and energy dissipation of red sandstone[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2020, 40(10): 103101. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2019-0479
Citation: JIN Jiefang, WU Yue, ZHANG Rui, WANG Xibo, YU Xiong, ZHONG Yilu. Effect of impact velocity and axial static stress on fragmentation and energy dissipation of red sandstone[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2020, 40(10): 103101. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2019-0479

冲击速度和轴向静载对红砂岩破碎及能耗的影响

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2019-0479
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51664017,51964015);江西省研究生创新专项资金项目(YC2018-S304);江西理工大学清江青年英才支持计划(JXUSTQJBJ2017007)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    金解放(1977- ),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,jjf_chang@126.com

  • 中图分类号: O347

Effect of impact velocity and axial static stress on fragmentation and energy dissipation of red sandstone

  • 摘要: 地下岩体工程爆破开挖中,距爆源不同距离处岩体承受的地应力和动载荷大小不同,从动载荷的角度表征岩石动态破坏结果与工程实际更吻合。为研究动载荷和地应力大小对岩体破碎和能量耗散特性的影响,利用动静组合加载试验装置,分别设置7个冲击速度和轴向静应力等级,对红砂岩试件进行冲击试验。根据试件的破碎状况,分析不同静应力工况下冲击速度对岩石破坏模式和机理的影响。计算不同工况下的应力波能量值,研究冲击速度和轴向静应力对岩石能耗特性的影响。对破坏试件进行筛分试验,研究岩石破碎分形维数随冲击速度和轴向静应力的变化关系。结果表明,随着冲击速度的增大,试件的破坏程度逐渐加大。无轴压时岩石试件破坏后整体仍是一个圆柱体,属于张拉破坏;有轴压时岩石试件宏观破坏后呈沙漏状,属于拉剪破坏。岩石耗散能随冲击速度的升高呈二次函数关系递增;轴向静应力越高,递增幅度越小。随着冲击速度的升高,岩石分形维数由零逐渐增加;随着轴向静应力的升高,分形维数由零转为大于零的临界冲击速度先升高后降低。
  • 图  1  动静组合加载试验装置

    Figure  1.  Experimental setup with static-dynamic coupling loading

    图  2  异形冲头尺寸及入射波波形

    Figure  2.  Cone-shaped striker dimensions and incident wave

    图  3  单轴压缩应力-应变曲线

    Figure  3.  Stress-strain curve of red sandstone under uniaxial compression

    图  4  不同冲击速度作用后的岩石试件

    Figure  4.  Rock specimens subjected to under different impact velocities

    图  5  不同冲击速度作用下红砂岩破坏模式

    Figure  5.  Failure modes of red sandstone under different impact velocities

    图  6  轴向静压为27 MPa时不同冲击速度动载荷作用后的岩石试件

    Figure  6.  Rock specimens subjected to axial static stress of 27 MPa and dynamic loading of different impact velocities

    图  7  冲击速度约为13.5 m/s、不同轴压下岩石的破坏模式

    Figure  7.  Failure modes of rock under impact velocities of about 13.5 m/s and different axial static stresses

    图  8  艾略特湖矿破碎矿柱[19]

    Figure  8.  A crushed mine pillar at the Elliot Lake mine[19]

    图  9  试件破坏的siddam值与轴压的关系(v≈13.5 m/s)

    Figure  9.  Changes of si and ddam with axial static stress for a broken specimen when the impact velocity equals to 13.5 m/s approximately

    图  10  冲击载荷作用下具有轴压试件的受力示意图

    Figure  10.  Free-body diagram of a specimen under coupled axial static stress and impact loading

    图  11  不同轴压下能量随冲击速度的变化

    Figure  11.  Energy varied with impact velocity under different axial static loads

    图  12  轴压为45和54 MPa时破碎试件的ln(M(x)/Mtot)-ln(x/xm)关系

    Figure  12.  ln(M(x)/Mtot)-ln(x/xm) relations for broken specimens with the axial static stresses of 45 and 54 MPa, respectively

    图  13  冲击速度与分形维数的关系

    Figure  13.  Fractal dimension varied with impact velocity

    图  14  岩石临界冲击速度与轴向静应力的关系

    Figure  14.  Critical impact velocity of rock varied with axial static stress

    表  1  静载荷和冲击速度设置

    Table  1.   Setting of static load and impact velocity

    冲击速度/(m·s−1)轴向静应力/MPa冲击动能/J冲击速度/(m·s−1)轴向静应力/MPa冲击动能/J
    4.0 015.7612.036141.87
    6.0 935.4713.545179.55
    8.01863.0515.054221.67
    10.02798.52
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  冲击试验工况及试验结果

    Table  2.   Conditions and results of impact experiments

    σs/MPav/(m·s−1)Wi/JWr/JWt/J粒径分布/gD
    <50 mm<40 mm<20 mm<10 mm<5 mm<2 mm<1 mm
    3.957.691.613.96231.860000000
    5.8627.077.5913.14235.450000000
    7.9952.6516.9724.30235.040000000
    010.0183.7725.1134.52234.870000000
    11.45111.3833.5043.93230.360.320.320.320.14000.903
    12.29129.1939.3148.77233.259.159.156.601.130.210.111.343
    14.87188.9763.1950.30231.03231.03190.4659.7539.0326.6022.862.319
    4.169.933.575.81232.890000000
    6.0822.698.1310.16232.360000000
    7.9148.1215.8221.95235.010000000
    910.1077.3625.5729.42236.440000000
    12.05121.7538.5341.25234.560000000
    13.43144.8548.5447.09233.146.286.284.040.730.270.241.552
    14.82176.0160.6647.65231.40231.40195.8967.0443.1727.5424.352.329
    3.956.282.012.57234.690000000
    6.1421.717.139.70233.610000000
    8.0343.0614.5818.58234.170000000
    189.8264.1727.6524.70231.050000000
    12.05113.7442.9439.76233.490000000
    13.78142.3058.1338.49232.1767.9231.258.053.472.572.201.854
    15.40177.6772.6841.14229.66229.66204.2275.9942.7827.7824.492.323
    4.225.392.012.37236.180000000
    6.0517.936.647.07233.490000000
    8.0539.1013.9916.16233.280000000
    2710.0859.3322.7121.01233.620000000
    12.15101.6340.0633.7600000000
    13.55130.9760.5538.87236.200000001.850
    15.21165.5881.2737.19234.3960.6333.6110.513.792.432.122.273
    4.244.031.512.47231.22231.22164.8260.5534.2121.9519.160
    5.9412.954.484.99233.410000000
    8.2435.4313.3114.17232.880000000
    3610.1353.5220.9719.34234.150000000
    12.1990.8935.2529.85232.270000000.729
    13.70119.4846.4131.78231.643.013.010.860.110.010.011.908
    15.42156.9762.3933.33230.5868.7138.766.744.512.882.842.260
    4.065.941.743.09233.53233.53184.2366.1234.4822.4219.400
    6.1011.754.304.66233.490000000
    7.9125.719.409.90231.480000000
    4510.3250.0920.1016.59234.760000000
    12.0481.4035.7322.96234.890000000.725
    13.39104.4945.5429.43233.605.335.331.610.180.0401.886
    14.97136.0059.1428.06232.4669.6533.6411.575.292.762.442.285
    下载: 导出CSV
    续表 2
    σs/MPav/(m·s−1)Wi/JWr/JWt/J粒径分布/gD
    <50 mm<40 mm<20 mm<10 mm<5 mm<2 mm<1 mm
    4.083.501.121.45229.52229.52194.7472.6936.9324.1921.670
    6.1310.383.863.88234.170000000
    8.2729.1511.489.56229.480000000
    5410.2741.9516.6613.09234.370000000
    12.0678.0338.8818.54232.120000002.043
    13.82108.3557.9621.99234.76163.6679.1543.2324.6715.6513.402.290
    15.23127.3873.6822.73230.14230.14198.2864.5138.6724.7521.462.341
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  冲击速度约为13.5 m/s时试件破坏的si和ddam

    Table  3.   Values of si and ddam in main part of destroyed specimens at the impact velocity of around 13.5 m/s

    σs/MPasi/mmddam/mmσs/MPasi/mmddam/mm
    9 6.8844.403623.0836.26
    1825.1036.384522.5636.10
    2723.5436.885417.14 0
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2019-12-25
  • 修回日期:  2020-02-19
  • 网络出版日期:  2020-08-25
  • 刊出日期:  2020-10-05

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