高韦伯数条件下黏性对液滴变形过程的影响

申帅; 李建玲; 刘金宏; 范玮

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2020-0051

高韦伯数条件下黏性对液滴变形过程的影响

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2020-0051

申帅^{1, 2,},
李建玲^1, ,,
刘金宏²,
范玮¹

1.
西北工业大学动力与能源学院，陕西西安 710129
2.
中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所，四川绵阳 621999

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(11772309)；NSAF联合基金(U1730134)；科学挑战专题(TZ2016001)；西北工业大学博士生创新基金（CX201949）；冲击波物理与爆轰物理重点实验室基金(6142A03180304)

详细信息

作者简介:
申　帅（1993－　），男，博士，kanshui2008@163.com

通讯作者:
李建玲（1983－　），女，博士，教授，lijianling@mail.nwpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: O351
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-03-02
- 修回日期: 2020-06-23
- 刊出日期: 2020-12-05

Viscous effect on the droplet deformation process under high Weber number conditions

SHEN Shuai^{1, 2
,},
LI Jianling^{1
, ,},
LIU Jinhong²,
FAN Wei¹

1.
School of Power & Energy, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710129, Shaanxi, China
2.
National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 为探究液滴黏性对变形过程的影响，深入了解液滴在冲击波作用下变形破碎的行为机制。采用高速阴影技术在水平激波管上拍摄了高韦伯数（We=1 100～4 400）条件下，3种黏性硅油液滴的变形过程。结果表明随着黏性的提升：液滴演化出相应特征所需时间增大，同时会出现新的变形特征；液滴空间及位移特征参数的生长速率降低而变形时间、最大变形高度/位移都增大，这是因为提升的黏性力降低了变形速率、耗散了更多的动能并延长了液滴的变形过程；液滴表面最不稳定的Kelvin-Helmholtz波朝着大尺度、低生长率的方向发展，从而实现黏性对变形过程的延缓作用。随着最大变形位移的增大，最大变形高度首先线性增长，之后增幅降低。
- 激波 /
- 液滴黏性 /
- 变形过程 /
- 高韦伯数 /
- Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性
Abstract: To explore the effect of droplet viscosity on the deformation process, and have a deep understanding of the mechanism of the droplet deformation and breakup process.Droplet deformation behaviors of three viscous silicone oils were experimentally captured by the high-speed shadowgraphic technique on a horizontal shock tube, the Weber number (We) ranged between 1 100～4 400. Results show that with the increasing of droplet viscosity: new deformation characteristics appear, and the duration that the droplet evolves into the special shape increases; The growth rates of characteristic space and displacement parameters all decrease, while the duration of the deformation process, the maximum of the droplet deformation extent/displacement all increase. This is because the enlarged viscous force has slowed down the deformation rate, consumed more inertia, and extended the deformation process;The most unstable wave of Kelvin-Helmholtz instability develops toward a larger scale and a slower growth rate tendency, thus the delaying effect caused by the viscosity on the deformation process is achieved.With the increasing of the maximum of deformation displacement, the maximum of droplet deformation extent firstly shows a linear growth trend then a slower growth rate.
- shock wave /
- droplet viscosity /
- deformation process /
- high Weber number /
- Kelvin-Helmholtz instability

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图 1 液滴迎/背风面、垂直气流高度及迎风面位移的定义

Figure 1. Definitions of windward/leeward cross-stream diameterand windward displacement

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图 2 实验系统

Figure 2. Experimental system

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图 3 第1组 (We=1 100±100)条件下液滴的变形过程

Figure 3. Deformation processes of group 1 (We=1 100±100)

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图 4 第2组（We=2400±50）条件下液滴的变形过程

Figure 4. Deformation processes of group 2 (We=2400±50)

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图 5 第3组条件下液滴的变形过程（We=4150±150）

Figure 5. Deformation processes of group 3 (We=4150±150)

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图 6 第1组条件下无量纲垂直气流高度d_c/d₀和无量纲迎风面位移S/d₀随无量纲时间T的变化关系

Figure 6. Variation of dimensionless droplet cross-stream diameter (d_c/d₀) and dimensionless windward displacement (S/d₀) with (T) of group 1

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图 7 第2组条件下无量纲垂直气流高度d_c/d₀及无量纲迎风面位移S/d₀随无量纲时间T的变化关系

Figure 7. Variation of dimensionless droplet cross-stream diameter (d_c/d₀) and dimensionless windward displacement (S/d₀) with (T) of group 2

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图 8 第3组条件下无量纲垂直气流高度d_c/d₀及无量纲迎风面位移S/d₀随无量纲时间T的变化关系

Figure 8. Variation of dimensionless droplet cross-stream diameter (d_c/d₀) and dimensionless windward displacement (S/d₀) with (T) of group 3

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图 9 无量纲最大变形高度(d_c/d₀)_max及无量纲变形时间T_ini随奥内佐格数Oh变化的关系

Figure 9. Variation of maximum dimensionless droplet cross-stream diameter ((d_c/d₀)_max) and dimensionless initiation time (T_ini) with Ohnesorge number (Oh)

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图 10 不同韦伯数We条件下无量纲最大变形位移(S/d₀)_max随奥内佐格数Oh的变化关系

Figure 10. Variation of maximum dimensionless windward displacement ((S/d₀)_max) with Ohnesorge number (Oh) under different Weber number (We)

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图 11 无量纲最大变形位移(S/d₀)_max与无量纲最大变形高度(d_c/d₀)_max的变化关系

Figure 11. Variation of maximum dimensionless droplet cross-stream diameter ((d_c/d₀)_max) with maximum dimensionless windward displacement ((S/d₀)_max)

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图 12 三种组别条件下K-H波增长率(n)随波数(k)的变化关系

Figure 12. Variation of wave growth rate (n) with wave number (k) of three groups

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图 13 三种组别条件下无量纲最大增长率波长$ \lambda _{\rm{max}}{/}{{d}}_{{0}} $及最大增长率n_max随奥内佐格数Oh的变化关系

Figure 13. Variation of dimensionless maximum wavelength ($ \lambda _{\rm{max}}{/}{{d}}_{{0}} $) and maximmum increasing rate (n_max) with Oh of three groups

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表 1 实验工况参数

Table 1. Parameters of experimental conditions

分组	编号	μ_l/(mPa∙s)	ρ_l/(kg·m⁻³)	d₀/mm	u_g/(m·s⁻¹)	ρ_g/(kg·m⁻³)	We	Oh
1	Case 1	10	917	0.90	123.95	1.65	1085	0.076
	Case 2	50	943	0.90	126.47	1.66	1136	0.375
	Case 3	100	947	0.83	132.46	1.69	1169	0.779
2	Case 4	10	917	0.79	183.20	1.92	2429	0.081
	Case 5	50	943	0.86	178.74	1.90	2487	0.383
	Case 6	100	947	0.90	172.89	1.87	2386	0.749
3	Case 7	10	917	0.86	218.07	2.08	4060	0.078
	Case 8	50	943	0.90	219.37	2.09	4285	0.375
	Case 9	100	947	0.93	211.99	2.05	4086	0.735
注：$ \sigma $=0.021 N/m

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