Research on time interval of explosion impact on pelvis and lumbar spine injury
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摘要: 为研究爆炸冲击环境下车内乘员小腿和座椅所受垂向冲击时间差对乘员盆骨和腰椎损伤的影响，利用Hyperworks和LS-DYNA进行建模和仿真分析，并结合小腿冲击试验和座椅跌落试验开展研究。分析结果表明：乘员小腿和座椅安装点单独受冲击时盆骨加速度、动态响应指数和腰椎z向力会分别产生正向和负向的峰值，但同时作用并控制冲击时间间隔时并不会出现正负峰值相抵消的现象；小腿和座椅安装点不同时受冲击时会加重乘员盆骨和腰椎损伤，且小腿先受冲击时损伤程度较座椅安装点先受冲击时严重。Abstract: In order to research the influence of the time interval between the vertical impact of the lower legs of passenger and seat on the pelvis and lumbar injuries under explosive impact environment, Hyperworks and LS-DYNA were used to model and simulation analysis, and the research was carried out in combination with the lower legs impact test and the seat drop test. The results show that the positive and negative peaks are generated by the pelvic acceleration, dynamic response index and the z-direction force of the lumbar spine when the passenger’s lower legs and seat mounting points are impacted separately, but the positive and negative peaks do not weaken when the impact time interval is controlled. When the lower legs and seat mounting points are impacted at different time, injuries to the pelvis and lumbar spine of the passenger will be aggravated, and the damage degree of the lower legs impacted preferentially is more serious than that when the seat mounting points are impacted first.
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Key words:
- explosion shock /
- mine-resistant seat /
- time interval /
- passenger injury
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图 4 跌落冲击试验采集的加速度和速度时间历程曲线
Figure 4. The curves of acceleration and velocity collected by drop-tower experiment
图 6 乘员小腿单独受冲击时的边界条件
Figure 6. The boundary conditions when passenger's lower legs are impacted alone
图 7 小腿单独受冲击时的乘员响应
Figure 7. Passenger’s response when the lower legs are impacted alone
图 9 乘员座椅安装点单独受冲击时的边界条件
Figure 9. The boundary conditions when passenger’s seat mounting points are impacted alone
图 10 座椅安装点单独受冲击时的乘员响应
Figure 10. Passenger’s response when the seat mounting points are impacted alone
图 11 座椅安装点单独受冲击时的跌落试验数据
Figure 11. The drop-tower experiment data when seat mounting points are impacted alone
表 1 3次跌落冲击试验的加速度和速度及时间历程数据
Table 1. Acceleration, velocity and time data of the three drop-tower experiments
试验序号 峰值加速度/g 碰撞速度/（m·s−1） 时间历程/ms Δt/ms 1 65.30 3.09 317.00 10.04 2 69.40 3.19 319.00 10.20 3 69.50 3.10 320.00 9.00 
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表 2 乘员小腿和座椅安装点单独受冲击时的损伤峰值出现时刻
Table 2. The injury peak points when passenger’s lower legs and seat mounting points are impacted individually
加载工况 动态响应系数峰值出现时刻/ms 时间差/ms 腰椎z向力峰值出现时刻/ms 时间差/ms 小腿单独受冲击 16.20 24.00 11.80 1.20 座椅单独受冲击 40.20 10.60
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表 3 时间差工况下乘员的损伤响应数据
Table 3. The data of passenger’s injury response under time interval condition
损伤指标 盆骨加速度/g $ {{I}}_{\rm{dr}} $ 腰椎z向力/kN 同时受冲击工况 109.20 20.49 10.70 损伤最严重工况 137.20 20.94 13.62 变化百分比 25.64% 2.20% 27.29%
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