Experimental research on damaging characteristics of cabin model attacking from shipboard direction under close-in underwater explosion
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摘要: 为探究舷侧近距离爆炸对水面舰船的毁伤效应，设计了大尺度舱段模型，并开展了舷侧近距离水下爆炸试验，试验后测量了舱段模型破坏范围及破坏模式、模型典型部位冲击环境数据、典型部位动态响应。综合对比可发现：（1）舷侧近距离水下爆炸下，在爆心区域可对舱段模型形成严重毁伤破坏，但毁伤范围有限，基本以局部破坏为主；（2）舷侧近距离水下爆炸下可形成较为明显的水射流载荷，主要是由气泡与非完整边界、自由面在耦合过程中形成的，与传统研究的气泡收缩失稳引起的水射流载荷形成机理存在一定的差异；（3）基于板格能量计算方法，建立了舷侧外近距离爆炸下舷侧爆炸破口计算公式，与试验结果吻合较好；（4）近距离爆炸下，舷侧外板的破坏模式与爆距存在较大的关系。本文的研究成果对舰船抗爆防护具有很强的指导意义。Abstract: In order to explore the damage and failure model of warship under close-in underwater explosion from shipboard direction attacting, a cabin model was designed and applied to close-in underwater explosion experiments. The results including demolishing regions of cabin model, shock environment data from typical positions, together with strain datas were acquired. It was indicated that: (1) Only the regions around the charge suffered serious damage, majorly characterized by the local damage model; (2) Water jetting phenomenon was found in this experiment, but the mechanism responsible for the formation of water jetting was quite different from traditional one induced by the bubble collapsing. The reasons may be due to the coupling interactions between bubble movement and incomplete boundary and free surface; (3) The crevasse calculation based on energy method was built. The calculated results were in good agreement with the experimental results; (4) The distance of charge had an important influence on the failure model of shipboard plate.
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Key words:
- shipboard underwater explosion /
- close-in explosion /
- failure model /
- damage effect /
- shock environment
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图 3 舱段模型中纵剖面加速度、中频振子测点布置示意图
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of the measuring positions of acceleration, intermediate frequency oscillator
图 4 舱段模型中纵剖面应变测点布置示意图
Figure 4. Schematic diagram of the positions of strain measurement
图 7 双层底模型整体变形破坏示意图
Figure 7. Schematic of the whole fracture and deformation of double bottom structure
图 13 典型测点加速度、速度、位移曲线
Figure 13. Acceleration, velocity, displacement curves corresponding to the typical measuring points
图 14 中频振子修正下的测点冲击谱
Figure 14. Shock spectrum with intermediate frequency oscillator correcting
图 17 舷侧爆炸外板破坏模式分布图
Figure 17. Schematic of failure models of shipboard plates subjected to explosive loading
表 1 应变测点结果
Table 1. Results for strain measuring points
编号 应变峰值/10−6 塑性应变/10−6 编号 应变峰值/10−6 塑性应变/10−6 编号 应变峰值/10−6 塑性应变/10−6 E3-1-X 1216 323 E1-2-X 678 252 E01-5-X 861 33 E3-1-Y 202 9 E1-2-Y 246 28 E01-5-Y 257 25 E3-2-X 1538 401 E1-3-X 888 363 E02-1-X 387 0 E3-2-Y 212 88 E1-3-Y 582 195 E02-1-Y 253 0 E2-1-X 693 261 E1-4-X 4819 90 E02-2-X 330 0 E2-1-Y 231 29 E1-4-Y 4863 2512 E02-2-Y 1142 0 E2-2-X 530 213 E01-1-X 1300 107 EG-1-Y 576 352 E2-2-Y 404 29 E01-1-Y 288 191 EG-1-Z 615 180 E2-3-X 11354 10430 E01-2-X 1243 20 EG-2-Y 920 170 E2-3-Y 12484 1156 E01-2-Y 205 32 EG-2-Z 449 226 E2-4-Y 11926 10610 E01-3-X 1316 0 EG-3-Y 515 106 E2-5-Y 12680 10890 E01-3-Y 1776 200 EG-3-Z 390 81 E1-1-Y 321 50 E01-4-X 844 112 
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表 2 计算结果
Table 2. Calculated results
板格 作用能量Ei/kJ 极限吸能Ej/kJ 板格破坏状态 A1 105 13 坏 A2 33 13 坏 A3 10 13 接近坏 A4 7 13 不坏 B1 771 13 坏 B2 64 13 坏 B3 14 13 坏 B4 5 13 不坏
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