不同湿度和近爆炸下限条件下甲烷-空气混合物爆炸特征

杨龙龙; 刘艳; 杨春丽

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2020-0093

不同湿度和近爆炸下限条件下甲烷-空气混合物爆炸特征

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2020-0093

杨龙龙^{1, 2,},
刘艳^1, ,,
杨春丽¹

1.
北京市劳动保护科学研究所，北京 100054
2.
北京市科学技术研究院，北京 100089

基金项目: 北京市博士后科研活动经费A类（ZZ2019-61）；北京市科学技术研究院创新团队（IG201702C2）

详细信息

作者简介:
杨龙龙（1990－　），男，博士，助理研究员，ylongbj@163.com

通讯作者:
刘　艳（1977－　），女，博士，研究员，liuyandhn@163.com

中图分类号: O389
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- 文章访问数: 703
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-03-30
- 修回日期: 2020-06-01
- 网络出版日期: 2021-02-02
- 刊出日期: 2021-02-05

Explosion characteristics of methane-air mixture near lower explosion limit at different relative humidities

YANG Longlong^{1, 2
,},
LIU Yan^{1
, ,},
YANG Chunli¹

1.
Beijing Municipal Institute of Labour Protection, Beijing 100054, China
2.
Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China

摘要

摘要: 为了研究不同湿度条件下低浓度甲烷-空气混合物爆炸特征，设计了饱和湿空气发生及储存装置，对管路、气囊和爆炸腔体进行温度控制和流量调节，实现了不同相对湿度的甲烷-空气混合气体的配置。采用20 L球形爆炸测试装置，分析不同相对湿度、甲烷浓度对混合物的最大爆炸压力、最大压力上升速率、爆炸下限及层流燃烧速度的影响。结果表明，随着相对湿度增大，最大爆炸压力和最大爆炸压力上升速率逐渐下降，且呈一定的线性关系。混合气体相对湿度从27.7%增大到80.1%时，甲烷爆炸下限从5.15%上升到5.25%，上升率1.9%，层流燃烧速度随相对湿度的增大也呈线性降低趋势。在本文条件下，相对湿度对甲烷-空气混合物的爆炸影响较小，这主要与常温常压下水蒸气的饱和分压力较低有关，但在高温高压时仍需考虑水蒸气含量的增大对混合气体爆炸特征的影响。
- 最大爆炸压力 /
- 最大压力上升速率 /
- 爆炸下限 /
- 层流燃烧速度 /
- 水蒸气 /
- 相对湿度
Abstract: To explore the explosion characteristics of methane-air mixtures with low concentration of methane at various humidities, a device for producing and containing water-saturated air was developed. The temperature and flow of pipes, air bag and explosion vessel were controlled to obtain methane-air mixture with variable humidity. The 20 L spherical explosion vessel was employed to analyze the effect of relative humidity and methane concentration on methane explosion characteristics (i.e., maximum explosion pressure, maximum rate of pressure rise, lower explosion limit and laminar burning velocity). It is concluded that the maximum explosion pressure and maximum rate of pressure rise show a linear decrease with an increasing value of humidity. As the humidity of gas mixture changes from 27.7% to 80.1%, the lower explosion limit of methane in air increases from 5.15% to 5.25% with a rising rate of 1.9%. The laminar burning velocity performs a similar linear downtrend with the increase of relative humidity. Under the given circumstances, the relative humidity has no significant influence on the explosion characteristic of methane-air mixture, which can be ascribed to the low value of partial pressure of water vapor at ambient condition. However, this influence cannot be neglected as the water vapor increases to a certain extent level at high temperatures and high pressures.
- maximum explosion pressure /
- maximum rate of pressure rise /
- lower explosion limit /
- laminar burning velocity /
- water vapor /
- relative humidity

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图 1 实验装置

Figure 1. Experimental equipment

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图 2 饱和湿空气发生及储存装置

Figure 2. Saturated vapor generator and container

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图 3 不同甲烷浓度时最大爆炸压力

Figure 3. Maximum explosion pressures withdifferent methane concentrations

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图 4 不同相对湿度时甲烷最大爆炸压力

Figure 4. Maximum explosion pressures at different relative humidities

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图 5 不同甲烷浓度时最大压力上升速率

Figure 5. Maximum rates of pressure rise with different methane concentrations

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图 6 不同相对湿度时最大压力上升速率

Figure 6. Maximum rates of pressure rise at different relative humidities

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图 7 不同相对湿度时甲烷爆炸下限

Figure 7. Lower explosion limits of methane-air mixture at different relative humidities

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图 8 不同甲烷浓度时层流燃烧速度

Figure 8. Laminar burning velocities with different methane concentrations

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图 9 不同相对湿度时层流燃烧速度

Figure 9. Laminar burning velocities at different relative humidities

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表 1 甲烷爆炸特征随相对湿度变化的拟合参数

Table 1. Fitted parameters of CH₄ explosion characteristics at different relative humidities

φ(CH₄)/%	a₁	b₁	$R^2_1 $	a₂	b₂	$ R^2_1 $	a₃	b₃	R₃²
φ(CH₄)/%	p_max/MPa=a₁ H_mix/%+b₁			(dp/dt)_max/(MPa·s⁻¹)= a₂ H_mix/%+b₂			S_L/(m·s⁻¹)= a₃ H_mix/%+ b₃
6.5	−0.000 809	0.460	0.951	−0.218	39.510	0.834	−0.000 156	0.208	0.965
6.3	−0.001 220	0.391	0.875	−0.201	32.243	0.798	−0.000 264	0.181	0.965
6.1	−0.001 470	0.248	0.610	−0.147	23.697	0.894	−0.000 140	0.139	0.912
5.9	−0.001 000	0.204	0.628	−0.113	20.102	0.901	−0.000 415	0.114	0.939

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表 2 甲烷空气混合物爆炸极限

Table 2. Explosion limits of methane-air mixtures

容器	T₀/K	p₀/kPa	H_mix/%	W/J	判断标准	φ_L(CH₄)/%	φ_U(CH₄)/%	出处
8 L玻璃管	298	100			观察火焰是否传播	5.0±0.1		文献[10]
20 L近球形	298	100		1	升压7%	5.0±0.1	15.9±0.1	文献[10]
120 L球形	298	100		2	升压7%	5.0±0.1	15.7±0.2	文献[10]
3.4 L玻璃管	298	100	52～73	1	观察火焰是否传播	5.15	16.15	文献[22]
12 L球形	308	102	0	10	观察火焰是否传播	4.9±0.1	15.8±0.2	文献[23]
13.3 L 钢管	285～303	100～102	35～80		升压7%	5.2	14.8	文献[20]
20 L球形	298	100	0	10	升压7%	5.0	15.0	文献[24]
20 L球形	298	101	85～100	10	升压7%	6.0	14.0	文献[17]
20 L球形	298	100	0	10	升压7%	5.1	15.8	文献[21]
20 L近球形	299～300	101	65～66	10	升压5%～7%	5.15	15.9	文献[25]
20 L球形	295～298	100	55～70	10	升压7%	5.02	14.55	文献[13]
40 L圆柱形	293	100			升压5%	4.65	15.5	文献[26]

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