Numerical simulation of pre-shock desensitization in TATB-based heterogeneous explosive
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摘要: 为了对一种TATB基非均质炸药的预冲击起爆现象展开数值模拟研究，将基于冲击温度及压力的AWSD反应率模型耦合进二维结构网格拉氏弹塑性流体力学程序。利用炸药及其产物的冲击雨贡纽实验数据校验了未反应炸药及产物的状态方程参数，通过一维冲击起爆的模拟，标定了反应速率模型参数。模拟了炸药在弱冲击0.45 μs后跟随的强冲击波的二次冲击实验，结果表明，受预压缩区域的炸药反应变慢，到爆轰距离增长了约1 mm，与该炸药二次冲击实验减敏现象相符。模拟拐角效应时，爆轰波经过拐角后，在拐角附近形成稳定的不起爆区域，与主要成分相同的LX-17炸药的拐角效应实验的死区特征相符。数值模拟结果表明，基于冲击温度及压力的AWSD反应率模型可以较好地模拟非均质炸药预冲击减敏问题。Abstract: To study and simulate the pre-shock desensitization in the TATB-based heterogeneous explosive, the impact temperature and pressure based AWSD reaction flow model was implemented in a 2D structured mesh Lagrangian elastoplastic hydrodynamics program. The reactant and product EOS parameters were calibrated against the Hugoniot experimental data. To calibrate the parameters of the reaction flow model, one-dimensional numerical simulations of the shock initiation experiments were carried out. We simulated the double-shock experiments in which a first weak shock was followed by a second strong shock with a time interval of 0.45 μs. The results indicate the reaction becomes slower in the precompressed region and the run-to-detonation distance is about 1 mm longer than that in the uncompressed region, which is consistent with the desensitization in double-shock experiments. When simulating the corner-turning, the detonation wave passes through the corner and forms a stable non-initiation region near the corner, which is consistent with the dead zone characteristics of the corner-turning experiment of the LX-17 explosive with the same main composition. The numerical simulation results show that the AWSD reaction rate model based on the impact temperature and pressure can well simulate the pre-shock desensitization of heterogeneous explosives.
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Key words:
- TATB-based /
- heterogeneous explosive /
- pre-shock /
- desensitization /
- AWSD model
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图 2 冲击压力与到爆轰距离的关系
Figure 2. Relationships between impact pressure and run-to-detonation distance
图 4 二次冲击压缩炸药粒子速度曲线的实验结果
Figure 4. Experimental particle velocity curves of explosive by double-shock compression
图 5 二次冲击压缩炸药粒子速度曲线的数值模拟结果
Figure 5. Simulated particle velocity curves of explosive by double-shock compression
图 6 不同位置计算单元的反应份额
Figure 6. Reaction fractions of numerical elements at different positions
图 10 AWSD模型的拐角效应特征时刻密度和反应份额分布
Figure 10. Density and reaction fraction distributions at character times for corner-turning by the AWSD model
图 11 WSD模型的拐角效应特征时刻密度和反应份额分布
Figure 11. Density and reaction fraction distributions at character times for corner-turning by the WSD model
表 1 未反应TATB基炸药的Davis状态方程参数
Table 1. Davis EOS parameters of unreacted TATB-based explosive
A/(mm·μs−1) B C Z Γ0s E0/(kJ·g−1) αst cVs/(kJ·g−1·K−1) 1.93 4.26 0.30 0 0.56 3.80 0.757 0 0.000 967 
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表 2 TATB基炸药产物的Davis状态方程参数
Table 2. Davis EOS parameters of reaction products of TATB-based explosive
A k vc/(cm3·g−1) pc/GPa n b cVg/(kJ·g−1·K−1) 0.835 603 1.30 0.926 85 1.485 1 4.242 66 0.85 0.001 072
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表 3 TATB基炸药AWSD模型参数
Table 3. Parameters of the AWSD model for the TATB-based explosive
np ps/GPa k1/s−1 T1/K a1 b1 b2 k2/s−1 T2/K fs λc δλ 0.651 5 27.60 336 1 724 0.060 81 2.122 0.9 10 200 6 278 0.035 87 0.876 4 0.021 68
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表 4 二次冲击起爆实验的到爆轰距离和到爆轰时间的实验和数值模拟结果
Table 4. Experimental and simulated results of distance and time of run to detonation by double-shock initiation
实验 方法 ρ0/(g·cm−3) v0/(km·s−1) p0/GPa pm/GPa L*/mm T*/μs 3 实验 1.881 1.669 6.135 6 12.649 9 9.845 1.716 数值模拟 10.141 1.679 2 实验 1.881 1.732 6.470 6 12.706 4 9.145 1.356 数值模拟 9.240 1.505
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