Dynamic characteristics of electric transmission lines undergone blasting de-icing
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摘要: 为研究输电线路爆破除冰效果及动态特性，进行了50 m孤立档输电线路爆破除冰模型实验，采用人工覆冰方式，通过引爆预设在输电线下侧的导爆索去除部分线路覆冰，测量了爆破除冰过程中三种输电线档中位移和端部动张力，并将爆破载荷简化为三角波载荷，利用有限元软件ABAQUS对实验工况进行了模拟验证；进一步利用模拟方法研究了爆破除冰量为20%时除冰位置对跳跃幅值和动张力的影响。结果表明：对于雨凇，爆破作用只会引起输电线爆破区域的覆冰脱落；爆破除冰时跳跃幅值和动张力幅值均大于相同位置自然脱冰，而随除冰位置的变化趋势与自然脱冰相似；与导线相比，地线光缆的跳跃幅值受爆破作用影响更显著。Abstract: In order to study the dynamic characteristics of electric transmission lines undergone blasting de-icing and the corresponding de-icing effects, model experiments on the isolated transmission lines with a span of 50 m were carried out. The artificial icing was performed out and the detonating cords preset at the lower sides of the transmission lines were detonated to remove partial ice covers of the transmission lines. The displacements and dynamic tensions of three kinds of transmission lines were measured during blasting de-icing. The blasting load was simplified as a triangular wave load, and the experimental conditions were simulated and verified by the finite element software ABAQUS. Furthermore, the effects of the de-icing positions on the jumping height and dynamic tension were explored when the ice was removed by twenty percent. The results show that for glaze ice, the blasting action can only cause the ice to fall off in the blasting area of the transmission lines. The amplitudes of the jumping and dynamic tension induced by blasting de-icing are greater than those by natural de-icing at the same locations, and their changing trends with de-icing location are similar to those by natural de-icing. Compared with the conductor, the jump amplitudes of the ground wire and the optical cable are more significantly affected by blasting.
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Key words:
- transmission line /
- blasting de-icing /
- finite element method /
- jumping amplitude /
- dynamic tension
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图 6 不同时刻导线加速度随位置的变化
Figure 6. Acceleration curves of conductor with position at different times
图 10 不同脱冰位置输电线的跳跃幅值
Figure 10. Jumping amplitude of conductor at different de-icing positions
图 11 不同脱冰位置输电线动张力峰值
Figure 11. Peak values of dynamic tension of transmission line at different de-icing positions
表 1 输电线物理参数
Table 1. Physical parameters of transmission lines
输电线 直径/mm 截面积/mm2 线密度/（kg·m−1） 杨氏模量/GPa LGJ-240/30 21.6 275.96 0.9222 73 GJ-50 9.0 49.48 0.4119 185 OPGW-24B1-50 9.6 48.25 0.345 162 
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表 2 实验工况
Table 2. Conditions of experiment
工况 脱冰区域 1 导线1区域1、2、3同时爆破除冰 2 地线3区域4、5同时爆破除冰 3 光缆4区域6爆破除冰
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表 3 覆冰前后输电线档中弧垂及等效覆冰厚度
Table 3. Sag of mid-point and equivalent thickness of transmission line before and after icing
输电线 档中弧垂/m 等效覆冰厚度/mm 覆冰前 覆冰后 导线 1.14 1.15 12.5 地线 0.86 0.91 10.0 光缆 0.66 0.72 10.0
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