Ignition process and propellant grains distribution of the two-module charge
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摘要: 模块装药点传火过程中药粒堆积形态对膛内起始压力波特性有重要影响，而模块装药点传火过程中药盒破裂后药粒飞散过程决定了药粒最终堆积形态。为此设计了模块装药可视化点传火模拟试验装置，通过高速摄像系统，观测不同初始装填位置的两模块装药点传火、药盒破裂及药粒散布过程。试验结果表明，两模块初始装填位置远离底火端且两药盒装填间距增大时，药室内传火时间变长，两个模块药盒燃烧更充分，模块盒的破裂面增大。点传火试验结束后，药室内模拟药粒散布在以底火侧端面中心为起点的轴向195～500 mm区域。其中，药粒主要分布于药室右侧陡坡状堆积区域。基于试验建立了模块装药点传火过程中药盒破裂后药粒散布的三维非稳态气固两相流模型，并进行了模拟计算。计算得到的最终药粒散布与试验测得结果基本吻合，验证了模型的合理性。Abstract: The accumulation form of propellant grains has a great effect on the initial chamber pressure wave in the ignition and flame-spreading process of a modular charge. In this process, the grains distribution is determined by the dynamic characteristics of grains after the cartridge is broken. Therefore, a visualized ignition simulation experimental device was designed for the ignition test of the two-module charge with different initial loading positions. A high-speed camera system was used to observe the ignition and flame propagation, the rupture of combustible cartridge cases, and the moving process of the propellant grains. The experimental results show as follows. When the two-module charging position is far from the primer and the spacing between the two modules is increased, the time of flame propagation in the chamber is prolonged. And the cartridge cases are more completely burned and their rupture areas become larger. The propellant grains in the chamber are finally scattered in the axial 195–500 mm area starting from the end face of the primer side. The grains are mainly distributed in the steep-slope accumulation on the right side of the chamber. On the basis of the experiment, a three-dimensional unsteady gas-solid two-phase flow model for the modular charge was established. The dynamic process and distribution of the propellant grains was simulated. The calculation results are basically consistent with the test ones, which validate the rationality of the established model.
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图 1 可视化点传火试验装置示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of an visual experimental device for ignition and flame propagation
图 3 点传火试验中火焰传播过程（工况1）
Figure 3. Flame propagation process in the ignition and flame spreading test under working condition 1
图 4 点传火试验中火焰传播过程（工况2）
Figure 4. Flame propagation process in the ignition and flame spreading test under working condition 2
图 5 点传火过程中模块1运动序列（工况2）
Figure 5. Sequence diagrams of the movement of module 1 in the ignition and flame spreading process under working condition 2
图 6 模块装药点传火过程中模块1运动规律
Figure 6. Movement law of module 1 in the ignition and flame spreading process of the modular charge
图 7 不同工况下模块装药点传火过程中压力随时间的变化
Figure 7. Changes of pressure with time in the ignition processes of the modular charge under different work conditions
图 8 点传火过程结束后药粒沿药室轴向的分布（工况2）
Figure 8. Distribution of propellant grains along theaxial direction of the chamber after ignition and flame spreading under working condition 2
图 10 不同网格尺寸计算得到的监测点C处温度
Figure 10. Temperature at monitoring point C calculated by using different grid sizes
图 11 药室内的药粒运动速度及位置分布
Figure 11. Movement velocity and distribution of propellant grains in the charge chamber
图 13 模拟与试验中陡坡状药粒分布对比
Figure 13. Comparison of steep slope distributions of propellant grains between simulation and test
表 1 模块药盒组合装填参数
Table 1. Filling parameters of the modular cartridge
工况 X1/mm L/mm m1/g m2/g m3/g 1 40 10 14.2 20 600 2 60 50 14.2 20 600 
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