基于红外辐射的爆炸火焰温度补偿测算技术

王玮; 杜红棉; 范锦彪; 薛培康

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2020-0302

基于红外辐射的爆炸火焰温度补偿测算技术

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2020-0302

中北大学仪器科学与动态测试教育部重点实验室，山西太原 030051

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（61701445）

详细信息

作者简介:
王　玮（1996－　），男，硕士研究生，s1815040@st.nuc.edu.cn

通讯作者:
杜红棉（1977－　），女，博士，副教授，duhongmian@nuc.edu.cn

中图分类号: O384; TJ06
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-08-27
- 修回日期: 2021-04-02
- 刊出日期: 2021-05-05

Measurement and calculation technology of temperature compensation of explosion flame based on infrared radiation

Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science & Dynamic Measurement Ministry of Education, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 应用辐射测温法进行爆炸火焰温度测试时，火焰发射率取经验定值的方法与火焰燃烧机理存在较大的偏差，同时测点距离与环境温湿度也会导致不同程度的热辐射衰减，从而影响爆炸火焰温度的测量精度。本文针对上述两个问题，基于大气辐射理论与光学传播规律，提出了辐射路径衰减补偿模型，结合由红外热像仪和比色测温仪测量的爆炸火焰动态发射率，对爆炸场火焰真温进行联合反演，并将测算结果与比色测温仪测得的火焰表面温度进行对比，得到了反演温度误差范围。试验结果表明，利用本文所提出的补偿模型测算得到的爆炸火焰温度，误差由补偿前的55.699%～89.847%降低到11.292%～59.077%，有效提高了外场爆炸瞬态火焰温度的测算精度。
- 爆炸瞬态火焰 /
- 补偿温度估算 /
- 辐射路径衰减补偿模型 /
- 动态发射率测算
Abstract: In testing explosion flame temperature with radiation thermometry, there is relatively great deviation of empirical value of flame emissivity from flame combustion mechanism. Meanwhile, the distance of measure point from the flame and ambient temperature and humidity also cause attenuation of thermal radiation to different extent, affecting the accuracy of measurement of explosion flame’s temperature. With focuses on foregoing two problems and based on atmospheric radiation theory and the law of optics propagation, a model of radiation path attenuation compensation was deduced in accordance with the functional relation among explosion flame’s radiance, digital output value of thermal imager and explosion flame’s temperature, followed by obtainment of relevant parameters i.e. system responsivity in the model from radiometric calibration of thermal imager; then, the applicability of the gray body hypothesis of TNT explosion flame was confirmed by analyzing the composition of the products of TNT explosion flame. Therefore, a function model of explosion flame’s dynamic average emissivity was deduced concerning onsite atmospheric transmittance, digital output value of thermal imager and explosion flame’s temperature measured by the colorimetric thermometer in accordance with the expression of explosion flame’s radiance; finally, based on the receiver function of thermal imager’s effective radiation, a joint temperature compensation evaluation method, which combines radiation path compensation and dynamic emissivity, was proposed for joint inversion of explosion flame’s temperature at the explosion site and the range of temperature error of inversion was obtained through comparison of measured result with explosion flame’s surface temperature measured by colorimetric thermometer. The test result suggests the error of explosion flame’s temperature measured with the proposed compensation model is reduced to 11.292%−59.077% from previous 55.699%−89.847% before compensation, thus effectively improving the accuracy of measurement of transient flame temperature of explosion at external field and providing a means for accurate infrared thermography-based evaluation of thermal effect in explosion field.

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图 1 成像原理光路图

Figure 1. Optical path diagram of imaging principle

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图 2 标定现场与仪器温度标定

Figure 2. Calibration site and instrument temperature calibration test

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图 3 温度数据拟合曲线及残差

Figure 3. Temperature data fitting curve and residual errors

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图 4 红外热像仪测量火焰发射率时的装置排布

Figure 4. Device arrangement of infrared thermal imager to measure flame emissivity

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图 5 试验现场

Figure 5. Test site

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图 6 比色测温仪与红外热像仪对焦覆盖区域对比

Figure 6. Contrast of focus coverage area between colorimetric thermometer and infrared thermal imager

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图 7 试验爆炸火焰红外热图像

Figure 7. Infrared images of explosion flame by tests

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图 8 爆炸火焰尺寸与热像仪水平视场对比图像

Figure 8. Comparison of explosion flame size and horizontal field of view of thermal imager

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图 9 试验爆炸火焰发射率及其温度随时间的变化

Figure 9. Variation of emissivity and temperature of explosive flame with time in the tests

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图 10 试验爆炸火焰补偿反演温度变化趋势

Figure 10. Explosion flame compensation inversion temperature trends in the tests

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图 11 两次试验中联合补偿反演温度误差对比

Figure 11. Comparison of temperature errors in inversion of combined compensation in two tests

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表 1 大气透射率计算表

Table 1. Atmospheric transmittance

试验编号	d/m	T_u/℃	w/%	${\tau _{{R_0}}}$	${\tau '_{{R_0}}}$	${\tau '_d}$	τ
1	36.0	1.70	51.0	0.682	0.783	0.749	0.651
2	60.0	27.0	79.9	0.634	0.747	0.622	0.527

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表 2 试验中火焰动态发射率

Table 2. Flame dynamic emissivity in the tests

试验1		试验2
Time/ms	ε_f	Time/ms	ε_f
8455	0.882	5005	0.922
8475	0.856	5030	0.716
8490	0.558	5050	0.664
8500	0.457	5065	0.613
8505	0.421	5080	0.573
8510	0.393	5100	0.514
…	…	…	…
8570	0.309	5175	0.356
8585	0.306	5190	0.345
8620	0.299	5210	0.343

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表 3 第1/2次试验中的爆炸火焰部分补偿反演温度及相对误差

Table 3. Compensation inversion temperature and relative error of explosion flame in two tests

试验	Time/ms	T_c/℃	T_p/℃	T_f/℃	T_color/℃	误差/%
试验	Time/ms	T_c/℃	T_p/℃	T_f/℃	T_color/℃	IR-test	Compensation
1	8460	693.611	1419.056	1672.052	2208.252	68.590	24.282
	8480	608.342	1255.831	1565.070	2143.555	71.620	26.987
	8495	481.107	1009.308	1386.643	2119.141	77.297	34.568
	8500	444.863	938.477	1583.416	1323.390	78.947	37.370
	8660	177.488	408.085	669.106	1588.001	88.824	57.865
	8695	159.501	390.107	642.896	1570.997	89.847	59.077
2	5010	935.063	1530.082	1872.337	2110.685	55.699	11.292
	5095	857.691	1413.376	1765.648	2057.991	58.324	14.205
	5110	798.493	1309.191	1658.114	2010.002	60.274	17.507
	5125	739.900	1204.139	1545.167	1963.005	62.308	21.286
	5210	496.242	752.034	973.793	1651.999	69.961	41.054
	5285	404.437	579.728	723.389	1510.000	73.217	52.093

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