考虑应力三轴度影响的30CrMnSiNi2A钢韧性断裂研究

余万千; 郁锐; 崔世堂

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2020-0334

考虑应力三轴度影响的30CrMnSiNi2A钢韧性断裂研究

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2020-0334

余万千^1,,
郁锐^1, ,,
崔世堂²

1.
西安现代控制技术研究所，陕西西安 710065
2.
中国科学技术大学近代力学系中科院材料力学行为和设计重点实验室，安徽合肥 230027

详细信息

作者简介:
余万千（1994－　），男，硕士，助理工程师，hsywq812907@163.com

通讯作者:
郁　锐（1981－　），男，硕士，教授级高级工程师，1715516202@qq.com

中图分类号: O347.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-22
- 修回日期: 2020-10-12
- 网络出版日期: 2021-03-05
- 刊出日期: 2021-03-10

On ductile fracture of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel considering effects of stress triaxiality

YU Wanqian^1
,,
YU Rui^{1
, ,},
CUI Shitang²

1.
Xi’an Modern Control Technology Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, Shaanxi, China
2.
CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China

摘要

摘要: 30CrMnSiNi2A钢是一种在军工领域应用广泛的低合金高强度钢。针对结构完整性的评估问题，采用试验和数值计算结合的方法研究了30CrMnSiNi2A钢的韧性断裂特性。对光滑圆棒试件在不同温度下进行准静态和动态拉伸试验，并通过有限元迭代方法标定了材料的Johnson-Cook动态本构模型参数，分析了温度和应变率对30CrMnSiNi2A钢断裂行为的影响。开展了缺口圆棒拉伸、缺口平板剪切和圆柱压缩试验，计算了各试件对应的平均应力三轴度和断裂应变，给出了应力三轴度在−1/3～1.5区间内的断裂应变变化曲线，分别确定了Johnson-Cook和Bao-Wierzbicki失效模型参数。研究表明，30CrMnSiNi2A钢的断裂应变与应力状态密切相关，且在不同的应力三轴度区间内曲线单调性差异较大，Bao-Wierzbicki失效模型较好地描述了这种钢在不同应力状态下的断裂特性。
- 韧性断裂 /
- 动态力学性能 /
- 应力三轴度 /
- 30CrMnSiNi2A钢
Abstract: 30CrMnSiNi2A steel is a high-strength low-alloy steel and it is widely used in the defense industry. Its ductile fracture properties were investigated by using a combined experimental-numerical approach to address the need for assessment of structural integrity. The parameters of the Johnson-Cook constitutive model were obtained through quasi-static and dynamic tensile tests on round bar specimens at different temperatures and relevant finite element method iterations. The effects of strain rate and temperature on fracture were studied. The tensile tests on notched round bar specimens were performed to calibrate the fracture strain in the range of high positive stress triaxiality. The tensile tests on butterfly plates and compression tests on short cylindrical specimens covered the fracture properties in the range of low and negative stress triaxiality. The finite element models were computed and the fracture loci in the space of the effective plastic strain to fracture and the stress triaxiality in a wide range from −1/3 to 1.5 were constructed. The parameters of the Johnson-Cook fracture model and Bao-Wierzbicki fracture model were calibrated. It is shown that stress triaxiality has a significant effect on the fracture of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel and the monotonicity of the fracture loci varies in different stress triaxiality range. The Bao-Wierzbicki model is capable of predicting the fracture patterns of the 30CrMnSiNi2A steel in different stress states.
- ductile fracture /
- dynamic mechanical behavior /
- stress triaxiality /
- 30CrMnSiNi2A steel

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图 1 异形试件尺寸（单位：mm）

Figure 1. Dimensions of abnormal specimens (unit: mm)

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图 2 高温下的应力应变曲线

Figure 2. Stress-strain curves at different temperatures

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图 3 载荷-位移曲线模拟值与试验值比较

Figure 3. Comparison of load-displacement curves between simulation and test

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图 4 试件等效应力云图

Figure 4. Equivalent stress distribution of specimens

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图 5 细长圆柱载荷-位移曲线

Figure 5. Load-displacement curves of thin cylinders

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图 6 45°缺口平板载荷-位移曲线

Figure 6. Load-displacement curves of butterfly plates

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图 7 各试件应力三轴度-等效塑性应变曲线

Figure 7. Evolution of stress triaxiality for various specimens

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图 8 断裂应变-应力三轴度曲线拟合

Figure 8. Fracture strain stress triaxiality curve fitting

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图 9 试件的断裂形态

Figure 9. Fractured specimens

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表 1 异形试件

Table 1. Abnormal specimens

序号	试件	载荷	数量	应力三轴度范围
a	R4缺口圆棒	拉伸	3	[1/3,+∞]
b	R2缺口圆棒	拉伸	3	[1/3,+∞]
c	45°缺口平板	拉伸	4	[0,1/3]
d	0°缺口平板	拉伸	4	[0,1/3]
e	短粗圆柱	压缩	3	[−1/3,0]
f	细长圆柱	压缩	3	[−1/3,0]

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表 2 30CrMnSiNi2A钢的化学成分(质量分数，%)

Table 2. Composition of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel (mass fraction, %)

C	Cr	Mn	Si	Ni	Cu	P	S
0.300	1.030	1.160	1.040	1.680	0.080	0.014	0.020

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表 3 光滑圆棒试件的屈服应力和断裂应变

Table 3. Yield strength and fracture strain of round bars

序号	温度/K	应变率/s⁻¹	屈服应力/MPa	断裂应变
1	298	0.001	1 163	0.753
2	298	1 000	1 591	0.775
3	298	2 000	1 716	0.881
4	298	4 000	1 883	0.962
5	473	0.001	1 115	0.827
6	773	0.001	698	1.513

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表 4 平均应力三轴度和断裂应变对应表

Table 4. A summary of average stress triaxiality and equivalent plastic fracture strain

序号	应力三轴度理论值	平均应力三轴度	断裂应变
1	−1/3	−0.246 3	1.203
2	−1/3	−0.097 2	0.437
3	0	0.013 6	0.281
4	1/6	0.086 6	0.455
5	1/3	0.609 4	0.753
6	0.652	1.069 0	0.382
7	0.893	1.353 0	0.337

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