异型截面长杆弹侵彻半无限厚金属靶板实验研究

王晓东; 王江波; 徐立志; 杜忠华; 高光发

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2020-0335

异型截面长杆弹侵彻半无限厚金属靶板实验研究

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2020-0335

南京理工大学机械工程学院，江苏南京 210094

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(11772160，11472008)；爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室开放课题(KFJJ18-01M)；江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划(KYCX20_0319)

详细信息

作者简介:
王晓东（1993－　），男，博士研究生，18752006367@163.com

通讯作者:
高光发（1980－　），男，博士，教授，gfgao@ustc.edu.cn

中图分类号: O382; TJ413.2
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- 文章访问数: 603
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-21
- 修回日期: 2020-11-06
- 网络出版日期: 2021-03-05
- 刊出日期: 2021-03-10

Experimental study on penetration of non-circular cross-section long-rod projectiles into semi-infinite metal target

School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China

摘要

摘要: 为了研究截面形状对长杆弹侵彻半无限金属靶板的最终侵彻深度的影响规律，开展了截面形状为圆形、三角形、正方形、十字形的等截面积的长杆弹侵彻半无限厚靶板的实验研究。实验分为两组，分别为长径比为8、弹芯材料为93钨合金的长杆弹侵彻装甲钢靶板实验以及长径比为15、弹芯材料为45钢的长杆弹垂直侵彻45钢靶板实验。实验后得到不同截面形状、不同长径比、不同弹靶材料的长杆弹在不同着靶速度下的侵彻深度。结果表明：三种异型截面长杆弹的侵彻能力均高于相同工况下的圆形截面长杆弹，且其中十字形截面长杆弹侵彻能力最优，正方形截面次之。通过对实验结果的宏观分析，得到三种异型截面长杆弹的截面形状对长杆弹侵彻半无限靶板侵彻威力的影响规律以及侵彻机理的宏观表现。
- 长杆弹 /
- 异型截面 /
- 影响规律 /
- 量纲分析
Abstract: To study the influences of the cross-sectional shapes on the final depths of penetration, a series of experiments were carried out on the penetration of long-rod projectiles with the same cross-sectional area different cross-sectional shapes into semi-infinite metal targets. The cross-sectional shapes were machined to be circular, square and cross, respectively. These experiments were divided into two groups. In one group of experiments, the long-rod projectiles with the aspect ratio of 8 and 93W alloy cores penetrated into armor-steel target plates. In another group of experiments, the long-rod projectiles with the aspect ratio of 15 and 45 steel cores penetrated into the 45 steel target plates. Depths of penetration under different impact velocities were experimentally obtained for different cross-sectional shapes, aspect ratios, and materials of projectiles and targets, respectively. Experimental results display that the penetration abilities of the three kinds of long-rod projectiles with non-circular cross-section are higher than that of the long-rod projectiles with circular cross-section under the same working conditions. And among the four kinds of long-rod projectiles, the penetration ability of the long-rod projectiles with cross section is the highest, followed by that of the long-rod projectiles with square section. With the increase of the impact velocity, the penetration gains of the cross and square cross-section long-rod projectiles to the circular cross-section ones increase. The cross-section shape of craters penetrated by the triangular cross-section long-rod projectiles takes on arc triangle, and the cross-section shape of craters penetrated by the long-rod projectiles with square and cross sections, respectively, takes on approximate circle. After penetration of the three kinds of non-circular cross-section long-rod projectiles, cracks at certain angles with the axial direction appear in the mushroomed heads of the projectile bodies, which leading to less resistance encountered by the projectiles in the process of penetration. The reason, why the penetration abilities of three kinds of non-circular cross-section long-rod projectiles are higher than that of the circular-section long-rod projectiles, is their structural self-sharpening in the process of penetration.
- long-rod projectiles /
- non-circular cross-section /
- influence law /
- dimensional analysis

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图 1 四种不同的长杆弹截面形状

Figure 1. Cross-section shapes of different projectiles

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图 2 弹丸结构

Figure 2. Projectile structure

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图 3 实验布置

Figure 3. Experimental arrangement

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图 4 不同着靶速度下不同截面长杆弹侵彻威力

Figure 4. H/L of projectiles with different cross-sections at different velocities

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图 5 F和F′值变化

Figure 5. Value of F and F′

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图 6 弹坑截面形状

Figure 6. The cross-sections of craters

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图 7 弹底形态

Figure 7. Crater shapes

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图 8 弹坑截面示意图

Figure 8. The cavity cross-section

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图 9 弹体裂纹

Figure 9. Fracture characteristics of cores

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表 1 各物理量的量纲

Table 1. Dimension of each physical quantity

物理量	M	L	T
${\ \rho _{\rm{p} } }$	1	−3	0
L	0	1	0
v	0	1	−1
${\sigma _{\rm{p}}}$	1	−1	−2
${\sigma _{\rm{t}}}$	1	−1	−2
${E_{\rm{p}}}$	1	−1	−2
${E_{\rm{t}}}$	1	−1	−2
$\ {\rho _{\rm{t} } }$	1	−3	0

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表 2 各物理量量纲（变换后）

Table 2. Dimension of each physical quantity (after change)

物理量	ρ_p	L	V
${\ \rho _{\rm{p} } }$	1	0	0
L	0	1	0
v	0	0	1
${\sigma _{\rm{p}}}$	1	0	2
${\sigma _{\rm{t}}}$	1	0	2
${E_{\rm{p}}}$	1	0	2
${E_{\rm{t}}}$	1	0	2
${\ \rho _{\rm{t} } }$	1	0	0

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表 3 弹芯尺寸

Table 3. Projectile dimensions

序号	截面形状	材料	L/mm	D^*/mm	T/mm	U/mm
1	圆形	93钨合金	64	8	−	−
2	三角形	93钨合金	64	8	10.77	−
3	正方形	93钨合金	64	8	7.09	−
4	十字形	93钨合金	64	8	8.08	4.2
5	圆形	45钢	90	6	−	−
6	三角形	45钢	90	6	8.08	−
7	正方形	45钢	90	6	5.32	−
8	十字形1	45钢	90	6	3.16	6.06
9	十字形2	45钢	90	6	6.67	4.27
注：D为等效圆直径，表达式为$D^{}=\sqrt {4S/{\text{π } } }$；S为弹芯截面积。

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表 4 实验结果

Table 4. Experimental results

序号	弹芯材料	靶板材料	截面形状	着靶速度/(m·s⁻¹)	侵彻深度/mm	序号	弹芯材料	靶板材料	截面形状	着靶速度/(m·s⁻¹)	侵彻深度/mm
1	93W	603钢	圆形	1615	68.0	25	45钢	45钢	圆形	1538	42.5
2	93W	603钢	三角形	1429	53.0	26	45钢	45钢	圆形	1719	55.0
3	93W	603钢	三角形	1462	54.5	27	45钢	45钢	圆形	1747	53.8
4	93W	603钢	三角形	1596	69.3	28	45钢	45钢	三角形	1288	27.5
5	93W	603钢	三角形	1601	64.9	29	45钢	45钢	三角形	1298	25.5
6	93W	603钢	正方形	1371	54.7	30	45钢	45钢	三角形	1371	25.5
7	93W	603钢	正方形	1374	54.7	31	45钢	45钢	三角形	1548	44.0
8	93W	603钢	正方形	1467	54.5	32	45钢	45钢	三角形	1558	41.5
9	93W	603钢	正方形	1489	60.0	33	45钢	45钢	三角形	1695	53.5
10	93W	603钢	正方形	1625	76.0	34	45钢	45钢	正方形	1376	36.0
11	93W	603钢	正方形	1639	72.0	35	45钢	45钢	正方形	1388	35.5
12	93W	603钢	正方形	1642	75.5	36	45钢	45钢	正方形	1401	32.0
13	93W	603钢	十字形	1388	52.0	37	45钢	45钢	正方形	1412	34.0
14	93W	603钢	十字形	1415	54.2	38	45钢	45钢	正方形	1582	46.0
15	93W	603钢	十字形	1452	60.0	39	45钢	45钢	正方形	1589	50.0
16	93W	603钢	十字形	1473	60.7	40	45钢	45钢	正方形	1702	63.0
17	93W	603钢	十字形	1495	63.5	41	45钢	45钢	十字形1	1358	15.5
18	93W	603钢	十字形	1571	67.0	42	45钢	45钢	十字形1	1464	15.5
19	93W	603钢	十字形	1593	75.8	43	45钢	45钢	十字形1	1472	15.0
20	45钢	45钢	圆形	1317	26.5	44	45钢	45钢	十字形1	1502	51.0
21	45钢	45钢	圆形	1335	24.5	45	45钢	45钢	十字形1	1718	66.0
22	45钢	45钢	圆形	1423	32.5	46	45钢	45钢	十字形2	1469	17.0
23	45钢	45钢	圆形	1478	35.0	47	45钢	45钢	十字形2	1445	16.5
24	45钢	45钢	圆形	1516	37.0	48	45钢	45钢	十字形2	1445	15.5

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