基于“钉床型”飞片的斜波加载技术及应用

宗泽; 王刚; 方嘉铖; 林茜; 王永刚

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2020-0391

基于“钉床型”飞片的斜波加载技术及应用

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2020-0391

宁波大学冲击与安全工程教育部重点实验室，浙江宁波 315211

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11972202）；科学挑战专题（TZ2018001）；冲击波物理与爆轰物理重点实验室稳定支持项目（JCKYS2019212009）

详细信息

作者简介:
宗　泽（1995－　），男，硕士研究生，1085802353@qq.com

通讯作者:
王永刚（1976－　），男，博士，教授，wangyonggang@nbu.edu.cn

中图分类号: O347.3
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- 文章访问数: 758
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-10-15
- 修回日期: 2021-01-24
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-14
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-14

Ramp wave loading technique and application using a “bed of nails” flyer system

Key Laboratory of Impact and Safety Engineering, Ministry of Education of China,Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China

摘要

摘要: 为了实现斜波加载，设计了一种“钉床型”广义波阻抗梯度飞片，即在基座上密排叠加许多小圆锥，简称“钉床型”飞片。该飞片采用激光选区熔化金属增材制造技术进行制备。利用一级轻气炮加载装置和全光纤激光位移干涉测试系统，开展不同工况下“钉床型”飞片高速击靶压缩实验和层裂实验，重点讨论小圆锥高度和撞击速度对斜波压缩加载波形的影响规律，以及斜波加载对不锈钢靶板层裂特性的影响。实验结果显示：（1）“钉床型”飞片对靶板产生的压缩是逐步的，从自由面速度剖面上观察到压缩波上升前沿时间被显著延长，形成了斜波波阵面，明显不同于冲击压缩的陡峭波阵面；（2）在飞片击靶速度近似恒定条件下，斜波波阵面的上升沿时间、平台速度峰值都明显依赖于“钉床型”飞片上的小圆锥高度，随着小圆锥高度增大，上升沿时间呈线性增大，而平台速度峰值呈线性减小；（3）在“钉床型”飞片的几何尺寸保持不变的条件下，斜波波阵面的上升沿时间随着飞片击靶速度的增大而线性减小，平台速度峰值则线性增大；（4）与冲击加载相比，“钉床型”飞片产生的斜波加载不会对材料的层裂强度产生明显影响，但对材料内部损伤演化速率有一定的影响。
- 斜波加载 /
- “钉床型”飞片 /
- 金属增材制造技术 /
- 层裂
Abstract: In order to generate a ramp wave loading, a generalized wave impedance gradient (GWIG) flyer was designed by a solid disc as a base for arrays of cone spikes, termed the “bed of nails” flyer. The “bed of nails” flyer was fabricated by Selective Laser Metaling additive manufacturing. Using a single-stage light-gas gun and a displacement interferometer system for any reflector (DISAR), a series of plate impact and spallation experiments using “bed of nails” flyer impact were performed. The effects of the height of cone and impact velocity on the ramp wave loading profiles and the effects of ramp wave loading on spallation characteristics of stainless-steel target were discussed. The experimental results show that: (1) From the free surface velocity profiles measured by DISAR, it is observed that the rising edge time of the compression wave is significantly prolonged, and the ramp wave loading is formed, which is obviously different from the steep wave front of the usual shock compression; (2) When the impact velocity of the flyer is approximately constant, both the rising edge time and the peak velocity of the ramp wave loading obviously depend on the cone height of the“bed of nails” flyer, with the increase of the height of the small cone, the rising edge time increases linearly, while the peak velocity decreases linearly; (3) When the geometric size of the “bed of nails” flyer remains unchanged, with the increase of the flyer’s velocity, the rising edge time of the ramp wave loading decreases linearly, while the peak velocity increases linearly; (4) Comparing with shock wave loading, the ramp wave loading generated by the “bed of nails” flyer has no obvious effect on the spallation strength of the stainless-steel, but has an influence on the damage evolution rate.
- ramp wave loading /
- “bed of nails” flyer /
- additive manufacture technique /
- spallation

HTML全文

图 1 “钉床型”广义波阻抗梯度飞片几何结构示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the“bed of nails” generalized wave impedance gradient flyer

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同时刻靶板内应力波传播云图^[27]

Figure 2. Stress wave propagation contours in the specimen at different times^[27]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 采用金属增材制造工艺制备完成的三种不同圆锥高度的“钉床型”飞片

Figure 3. The“bed of nails” flyers with the different heights of cone produced by additive manufacturing technique

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 轻气炮实验装置示意图

Figure 4. Schematic of the gas gun device

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 安装在铝合金弹托上的飞片

Figure 5. Flyer fixed on aluminum alloy sabot

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 在不同锥高条件下不锈钢和纯铜靶板的自由面速度时程曲线

Figure 6. Free surface velocity profiles of the stainless-steel and copper targets under different heights of the cone

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 自由面速度剖面上的上升沿时间和平台峰值速度随锥高的变化曲线

Figure 7. Rising edge time and peak velocity of free surface velocity profiles as a function of the height of the cone

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 不同撞击速度下不锈钢靶板自由面速度时程曲线

Figure 8. Free surface velocity profiles of stainless-steel target at different impact velocities

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 上升沿时间和平台速度峰值与撞击速度比值随撞击速度的变化曲线

Figure 9. Rising edge time and ratio of peak velocity to impact velocity as a function of impact velocities

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 层裂实验中实测的不锈钢靶板自由面速度时程曲线

Figure 10. Free surface velocity profiles measured by DISAR of stainless-steel targets in spallation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 不同锥高条件下软回收的不锈钢靶板内部损伤分布

Figure 11. Damage distribution of recovered stainless-steel targets at different heights of the cone

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 初始损伤不锈钢靶板上损伤的局部放大显微照片

Figure 12. Enlarged damage distribution image of the damaged stainless-steel target

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不锈钢靶层裂实验结果

Table 1. Experimental results on spallation of stainless-steel target

实验编号	h₁/mm	${{\dot u}_1}$ /（m·s⁻²）	${{\dot u}_2}$ /（m·s⁻²）	$\Delta u$ /（m·s⁻¹）	${\dot \varepsilon }$ /s⁻¹	${\sigma _{\rm s}}$ /GPa
1	0	26.8×10⁷	6.63×10⁷	122.1	3.40×10⁴	2.15
2	0.5	24.8×10⁷	4.97×10⁷	122.4	3.15×10⁴	2.16
3	1.5	21.1×10⁷	3.16×10⁷	123.2	2.68×10⁴	2.17

下载: 导出CSV

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