Experimental research on the mechanism of a high-velocity projectile penetrating into a reinforced concrete target
-
摘要: 为研究结构弹体对钢筋混凝土靶的高速侵彻破坏效应,利用口径35 mm弹道炮开展了1 030~1 520 m/s速度范围内的高速侵彻试验,获得了弹体的撞击速度、破坏形态、剩余长度、剩余质量和靶体中的侵彻深度及成坑尺寸等试验数据,分析了侵彻深度和侵彻机理随速度的变化关系。结果表明:在1 030~1 390 m/s的速度范围内,弹体头部磨蚀,磨蚀程度随侵彻速度增加而加剧,侵彻深度随撞击速度近似线性增大;撞击速度在1 390~1 480 m/s范围内,弹体头部严重磨蚀,侵彻深度随撞击速度增加而减小;撞击速度大于1 480 m/s后,弹体严重破碎,侵彻深度急剧下降。针对结构弹体高速侵彻过程中的破坏特点,将侵彻速度划分为刚体侵彻区、准刚体侵彻区、侵蚀体侵彻区和破碎体侵彻区,可为钻地弹结构设计提供参考。Abstract: In order to study the high-speed penetration effect of a structural projectile on a reinforced concrete target, tests of structural projectiles with high velocity penetrating into reinforced concrete target were carried out by using a 35mm-caliber ballistic gun as a launching tool, and the penetration velocity of the projectiles ranges from 1030 m/s to 1520 m/s. The test data of the deformation and failure form, remaining length and remaining mass of the projectiles were obtained through detailed measurement of the recovered projectile. The macro-damage of the targets, the penetration depth and crater size of the target bodies were also obtained. Based on the experimental data, the changes of the projectile structure response, penetration of the dimensionless crater depth, and dimensionless crater diameter with penetration velocity were analyzed. According to the deformation and destruction of the projectiles during the penetration process, the penetration depth and penetration mechanism change with penetration velocity were analyzed, and the partition of the penetration velocity was discussed. The results show that, in the penetration velocity ranges from 1030 m/s to 1390 m/s, the heads of the projectiles are eroded, and the degree of erosion increases with the increase in penetration velocity, and the penetration depth increases approximately linearly with the penetration velocity. When the penetration velocity is in the range of 1390−1480 m/s, the heads of the projectiles are severely eroded, and the penetration depth decreases as the penetration velocity increases. When the impact velocity is higher than 1480 m/s, the projectile bodies are severely broken, and the penetration depth decreases sharply as the penetration velocity increases. According to the damage characteristics of the structural projectiles during high-speed penetration, the penetration velocity is divided into rigid body penetration zone, quasi-rigid body penetration zone, eroded body penetration zone and broken body penetration zone, which can provide a reference for the structural design of ground-penetrating projectile.
-
表 1 侵彻试验结果
Table 1. Penetration test results
工况 速度/
(m·s−1)侵深/
mm开坑深度/
mm剥落区
面积/mm剩余弹体
长度/mm剩余弹体
质量/g1 1 030 455 69 230×230 96.6 130.5 2 1 210 595 70 300×310 94.3 127.4 3 1 352 698 73 290×280 91.7 122.4 4 1 390 741 75 300×290 89.8 126.2 5 1 438 674 90 300×320 90.7 127.8 6 1 463 730 70 310×330 89.7 125.4 7 1 480 310 80 350×300 0.0 0.0 8 1 505 270 95 330×330 0.0 0.0 9 1 520 267 92 300×330 0.0 0.0 注:工况7、8、9的弹体完全破碎,可认为此时弹体的有效长度和有效 质量均为零。 -
[1] 任辉启, 穆朝民, 刘瑞朝, 等. 精确制导武器侵彻效应与工程防护 [M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2016.REN H Q, MU C M, LIU R C, et al. Penetration effects of precision guided weapons and engineering protection [M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2016. [2] 杨秀敏, 邓国强. 常规钻地武器破坏效应的研究现状和发展 [J]. 后勤工程学院学报, 2016, 32(5): 1–9. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7843.2016.05.001.YANG X M, DENG G Q. The research status and development of damage effect of conventional earth penetration weapon [J]. Journal of Logistical Engineering University, 2016, 32(5): 1–9. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7843.2016.05.001. [3] 赵晓宁. 高速弹体对混凝土侵彻效应研究 [D]. 南京: 南京理工大学, 2011. [4] GOLD V M, VRADIS G C, PEARSON J C. Concrete penetration by eroding projectiles: experiments and analysis [J]. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 1996, 122(2): 145–152. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1996)122:2(145). [5] LUNDEGREN R G. High-velocity penetrators: SAN D94-2724C [R]. Albuquerque, New Mexico: Sandia National Laboratories, 1994. [6] FORRESTAL M J, FREW D J, HANCHAK S J, et al. Penetration of grout and concrete targets with ogive-nose steel projectiles [J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 1996, 18(5): 465–476. DOI: 10.1016/0734-743X(95)00048-F. [7] CHEN X W, LI Q M. Transition from nondeformable projectile penetration to semihydrodynamic penetration [J]. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 2004, 130(1): 123–127. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2004)130:1(123). [8] 何翔, 徐翔云, 孙桂娟, 等. 弹体高速侵彻混凝土的效应实验 [J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2010, 30(1): 1–6. DOI: 10.11883/1001-1455(2010)01-0001-06.HE X, XU X Y, SUN G J, et al. Experimental investigation on projectiles’ high-velocity penetration into concrete targets [J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2010, 30(1): 1–6. DOI: 10.11883/1001-1455(2010)01-0001-06. [9] 梁斌, 陈小伟, 姬永强, 等. 先进钻地弹概念弹的次口径高速深侵彻实验研究 [J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2008, 28(1): 1–9. DOI: 10.11883/1001-1455(2008)01-0001-09.LIANG B, CHEN X W, JI Y Q, et al. Experimental study on deep penetration of reduced-scale advanced earth penetrating weapon [J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2008, 28(1): 1–9. DOI: 10.11883/1001-1455(2008)01-0001-09. [10] 杨建超, 左新建, 何翔, 等. 弹体高速侵彻混凝土质量侵蚀实验研究 [J]. 实验力学, 2012, 27(1): 122–127.YANG J C, ZUO X J, HE X, et al. Experimental study of projectile mass loss in high velocity penetration of concrete target [J]. Journal of Experimental Mechanics, 2012, 27(1): 122–127. [11] SILLING S A, FORRESTAL M J. Mass loss abrasion from abrasion on ogive-nose steel projectiles that penetrate concrete targets [J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2007, 34(11): 1814–1820. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2006.10.008. [12] 武海军, 黄风雷, 王一楠, 等. 高速侵彻混凝土弹体头部侵蚀终点效应实验研究 [J]. 兵工学报, 2012, 33(12): 48–55.WU H J, HUANG F L, WANG Y N, et al. Experimental investigation on projectile nose eroding effect of high-velocity penetration into concrete [J]. Acta Armamentariih, 2012, 33(12): 48–55. [13] 李杰, 程怡豪, 徐天涵, 等. 岩石类介质侵彻效应的理论研究进展 [J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2019, 39(8): 081101. DOI: 10.11883/bzycj-2019-0286.LI J, CHENG Y H, XU T H, et al. Review on theoretical research of penetration effects into rock-like material [J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2019, 39(8): 081101. DOI: 10.11883/bzycj-2019-0286. [14] 陈小伟, 张方举, 徐艾民, 等. 细长薄壁弹体的屈曲和靶体等效分析 [J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2007, 27(4): 296–305. DOI: 10.11883/1001-1455(2007)04-0296-10.CHEN X W, ZHANG F J, XU A M, et al. Buckling analysis of earth penetrating warhead and equivalent conditions of targets [J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2007, 27(4): 296–305. DOI: 10.11883/1001-1455(2007)04-0296-10.