周向多线性爆炸成型弹丸技术研究现状与发展

蒋建伟; 彭嘉诚

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2021-0017

周向多线性爆炸成型弹丸技术研究现状与发展

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2021-0017

北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室, 北京100081

详细信息

作者简介:
蒋建伟（1962－　），男，博士，教授，博士生导师，bitjjw@bit.edu.cn

中图分类号: O381; TJ302
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- 文章访问数: 598
- HTML全文浏览量: 456
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-01-13
- 修回日期: 2021-04-20
- 网络出版日期: 2021-09-17
- 刊出日期: 2021-10-13

Research advances in circumferential multiple linear explosively-formed projectile technology

School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 传统的破片式防空反导战斗部爆炸后产生的破片杀伤元数量虽多，却不能有效击毁来袭的不敏感弹药，存在威力不足问题，因而限制了其发展。周向多线性爆炸成型弹丸(multiple linear explosively-formed projectile, MLEFP)战斗部爆炸后在周向产生多个高速、大质量、大长径比的对折型线性爆炸成型弹丸(linear explosively-formed projectile, LEFP)，具备击穿、击爆厚壁壳体不敏感弹药的能力，因此在中近程防空反导作战中具备广阔的应用前景。从线性毁伤元的发展和对折型LEFP的成型技术出发，重点分析了炸药装药、药型罩等关键部件影响线性毁伤元成型的研究成果，对比了3种毁伤元初速工程计算模型的理论依据、优缺点等，概括了近年来对折型LEFP侵彻试验结果，最后总结了周向MLEFP战斗部及其毁伤元未来的发展方向。
- 周向多线性爆炸成型弹丸战斗部 /
- 线性毁伤元 /
- 炸药装药 /
- 药型罩 /
- 初速模型 /
- 侵彻威力
Abstract: The traditional fragmental warhead used in air defense and antimissile can not effectively destroy the incoming insensitive ammunition due to the weak fragmentations, which limits its development. After explosion of the circumferential multiple linear explosively-formed projectile (MLEFP) warhead, a number of folded linear explosively formed projectiles (LEFP) are produced in the circumferential direction with high speed, large mass and large length to diameter ratio. These projectiles can penetrate thick cases and ignite insensitive ammunitions, so the MLEFP warhead has a great application prospect in the medium-short range air defense and anti-missile system. Based on the development of linear projectile and the forming method of new LEFPs, the influences of charge and liner are focused on. Theories, merits and demerits of three initial velocity models are compared. The results of penetration tests using folded LEFPs in recent years are summarized. Finally, the future development direction of circumferential MLEFP warhead and linear projectile is analyzed.
- circumferential multiple linear explosively formed projectile warhead /
- linear projectile /
- charge /
- liner /
- initial velocity model /
- penetrating performance

HTML全文

图 1 周向MLEFP 战斗部模型^[6]

Figure 1. A circumferential MLEFP warhead model^[6]

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图 2 线性成型装药及线性射流^[13]

Figure 2. Linear shaped charge and linear jet^[13]

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图 3 线性圆缺形药型罩与LEFP^[26]

Figure 3. Linear arc liner and LEFP^[26]

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图 4 起爆机理、线性成型装药和侵彻钢靶试验结果^[27]

Figure 4. Test results of initiation mechanism, linear shaped charge and penetration of steel target^[27]

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图 5 对折型LEFP成型过程及侵彻钢靶结果^[28]

Figure 5. The Process of forming LEFP and results of penetration on steel target^[28]

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图 6 不同成型装药形成不同毁伤元分类

Figure 6. Classification of types of projectiles by different shaped charges

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图 7 周向MLEFP战斗部样机^[31]

Figure 7. A prototype for a circumferential MLEFP warhead^[31]

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图 8 周向MLEFP战斗部和单条线性成型装药模型^[33]

Figure 8. A circumferential MLEFP warhead and the single linear shaped charge model^[33]

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图 9 对折型LEFP成型速度与装药长度与宽度之比和装药高度与装药宽度之比的关系曲线以及LEFP成型形态^[33]

Figure 9. Relations of forming velocity of folded LEFPs with the length-to-width and height-to-width ratios of the charges as well as the shapes of the LEFPs^[33]

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图 10 分层装药周向MLEFP战斗部模型^[34]

Figure 10. The model for a circumferential MLEFP warhead with composite charge^[34]

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图 11 试验现场布置^[34]

Figure 11. Test site layout^[34]

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图 12 单方向曲率线性圆缺药型罩示意图

Figure 12. Schematic diagram of a linear circular charge liner with unidirectional curvature

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图 13 对折型LEFP成型速度和药型罩壁厚梯度、最大壁厚与长度之比的关系曲线以及成型形态^[31-32]

Figure 13. Relations of forming velocity of folded LEFPs with the wall thickness gradient-to-length and the maximum wall thickness-to-length ratios of the liner as well as the shapes of the LEFPs^[31-32]

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图 14 对折型LEFP成型速度和药型罩曲率半径与长度之比的关系曲线及成型形态^[31-33]

Figure 14. Relations of forming velocity of folded LEFPs with the curvature radius-to-length ratio of the liner as well as the shapes of the LEFPs^[31-33]

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图 15 单条线性成型装药二维模型^[31]

Figure 15. A two-dimensional model of the single linear-shaped charge^[31]

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图 16 双曲率线性罩成型LEFP图像^[41]

Figure 16. The image of an LEFP formed from a double-curved liner^[41]

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图 17 带外衬药型罩MLEFP战斗部模型^[42]

Figure 17. An MLEFP warhead model with liners and outer linings^[42]

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图 18 对折型LEFP对钢靶侵彻能力

Figure 18. Penetration ability of folded LEFPs to steel targets

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表 1 LEFPs成型速度^[34]

Table 1. Forming velocity of LEFPs^[34]

方法	LEFP成型速度/（m·s⁻¹）	误差/%
Gurney理论	1 303	9
数值模拟	1 490	1.6
静爆试验	1 433	/

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表 2 数值模拟与侵彻试验结果^[42]

Table 2. Results of numerical simulation and penetration tests^[42]

周向MLEFP战斗部	成型形态	侵彻后钢靶剖面
无外衬
有外衬

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表 3 3种LEFP初速模型对比

Table 3. Comparison among the three models for calculating the initial velocity of an LEFP

初速模型	基础理论	最大误差/%	优点	缺点
公式（2）	Gurney方法，动量守恒	12.6	形式简单，使用方便	简单合计不同组分误差大，需增加修正系数
公式（3）	C-J爆轰理论，动量守恒	4	形式简洁，精度高	适用范围窄
公式（5）	有效装药理论， Gurney方法	6	精度较好，适用范围广	需计算获取大量初速数据，使用不便

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