一维轴对称杆件爆源模型及其在台阶爆破模拟中的应用

朱心广; 冯春; 王心泉; 程鹏达; 高圣元

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2021-0276

一维轴对称杆件爆源模型及其在台阶爆破模拟中的应用

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2021-0276

朱心广^{1, 2,},
冯春^1, ,,
王心泉^{1, 2},
程鹏达¹,
高圣元³

1.
中国科学院力学研究所，北京 100190
2.
中国科学院大学工程科学学院，北京 100049
3.
煤炭科学研究总院，北京 100013

基金项目: 科技部国家重点研发项目（2018YFC1505504）

详细信息

作者简介:
朱心广（1993－　），男，博士研究生，zhuxinguang@imech.ac.cn

通讯作者:
冯　春（1982－　），男，博士研究生，高级工程师，fengchun@imech.ac.cn

中图分类号: O389
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- 文章访问数: 488
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-07-01
- 修回日期: 2022-07-20
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-07
- 刊出日期: 2022-11-18

A one-dimensional axisymmetric explosive model and its application in bench blasting simulation

ZHU Xinguang^{1, 2
,},
FENG Chun^{1
, ,},
WANG Xinquan^{1, 2},
CHENG Pengda¹,
GAO Shengyuan³

1.
Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
2.
School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3.
China Coal Research Institute, Beijing 100013, China

摘要

摘要: 为了解决在实体炮孔建模时需要加密网格、计算量大等问题，提出了一种一维轴对称爆源模型：利用一维线状杆件表述炮孔及炸药，实体单元表述周围岩体，通过杆件节点与实体单元的拓扑关系，将杆件节点上的爆生气体压力施加至周围实体单元上，并根据实体单元的体应变计算出杆件节点处的横截面变化情况，从而实现模拟炸药与周围岩体的相互作用。通过与实体炮孔模型的数值对比分析，发现压力衰减指数为1.25时，一维轴对称爆源模型获得的径向质点峰值振动速度（peak particle velocity, PPV）衰减规律及振动速度时程曲线与实体炮孔模型基本一致，证明了该模型在模拟爆破问题中的精确性。针对混凝土块动态爆破破坏特性的研究，通过与文献对比分析，进一步验证了该模型的正确性。为验证该一维轴对称爆源模型在台阶爆破模拟中的应用，以鞍钢露天铁矿台阶爆破开采为研究对象，建立了5排50炮孔三维台阶爆破概化模型，模拟了爆区内露天边坡的损伤破坏状态。数值计算结果表明，爆区内拉伸破坏为主，并且除了离爆源较近的第一个测点外，其余测点处的振动速度峰值大小及其随距离的变化规律与现场实测数据基本一致，证明了所提爆源模型在三维台阶爆破远场模拟的可行性。
- 杆件爆源模型 /
- 台阶爆破 /
- 连续-非连续单元法 /
- 振动速度峰值 /
- 数值模拟
Abstract: The bench blasting technology is widely applied in mining, transportation and civil construction excavations, in which numerical simulation plays an increasingly important role in the selection and optimization of parameters. In order to solve the problems of dense mesh and large amount of calculation in solid hole modelling, a one-dimensional axisymmetric explosive model is proposed. In this model, the rock mass to be exploded is divided into larger solid mesh elements, and the blast hole is simplified into a bar and inserted into the designated position of the rock mass to be exploded. The bar is divided into several elements, and the classic Landau model is introduced into the bar elements. The gas expansion pressure is calculated according to the volume of the bar element. By determining the topological relationships between bar nodes and solid elements, if the bar node is located in the interior (3D) or surface (2D) of a solid element, the solid element is used as the force transfer object of the bar node, and the explosive gas pressure on the bar node is applied to the solid element. At the same time, the constitutive model is applied for solid elements according to the specific material, so as to calculate the body strain of the solid element. The bar element only expands radially is assumed, so the cross-sectional change at the bar node can be calculated according to the strain of the solid element body, which is used to calculate the explosive gas pressure at the next moment. Through numerical comparison with the entity bore hole model, when the pressure attenuation index is 1.25, the radial peak particle velocity attenuation law and vibration velocity time history curve obtained by the one-dimensional axisymmetric explosion source model are basically consistent with the entity blast-hole model, which proves the accuracy of the model in blasting simulation. Aiming at the study of dynamic blasting damage characteristics of concrete blocks, the correctness of the model is further verified by comparing with the literature. Based on the blasting technology in Angang open-pit mine, a generalized three-dimensional bench blasting model with 5 rows and 50 bore holes was set up to simulate the damage and failure status in the blasting area. The numerical calculation results show that the tensile failure is the dominant in the blasting area, and the peak particle velocity and its variation with distance at monitor points except the first point near the blasting source is well fitted with the test data, which proves the feasibility of the proposed model in the far-field simulation of three-dimensional bench blasting.
- one-dimensional axisymmetric explosive model /
- bench blasting /
- continuous-discontinuous element method (CDEM) /
- peak particle velocity /
- numerical simulation

HTML全文

图 1 杆件单元与实体网格的耦合示意

Figure 1. Schematic of coupling of bar and solid mesh

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图 2 模型A (径向分割16份)

Figure 2. Model A (dividing into 16 segment in the radial direction)

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图 3 模型B (水平向分割16份)

Figure 3. Model B (dividing into 16 segment in the horizontal direction)

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图 4 测点处径向峰值振动速度随单元尺寸的变化

Figure 4. Variation of radial peak particle velocity at monitoring points with element size

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图 5 测点处径向振动速度时程曲线

Figure 5. History of radial velocity at monitoring point

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图 6 混凝土整体模型及剖面示意图

Figure 6. Concrete integral model and section diagram

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图 7 位于炮孔中部位置的模型爆炸结果剖视图 (20 ms)

Figure 7. Sectional view of model explosion results in the middle of the blast hole after 20 ms

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图 8 鞍钢露天矿现场

Figure 8. Site view of Angang strip mine

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图 9 含50炮孔的台阶爆破数值模型

Figure 9. The bench blasting model with 50 bore holes

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图 10 台阶爆破后边坡的破坏状态

Figure 10. Failure status of slope after bench blasting

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图 11 峰值振动速度随距离的变化曲线

Figure 11. The curve of peak particle velocity with distance

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表 1 铁矿石的力学参数

Table 1. Mechanical parameters of iron ore

密度/（kg·m⁻³）弹性模量/GPa 泊松比粘聚力/MPa 内摩擦角/（°）抗拉强度/MPa

3200 60 0.25 36 40 12

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表 2 乳化炸药的参数

Table 2. Parameters of emulsion

密度/（kg·m⁻³）爆速/（m·s⁻¹）爆热/（MJ·kg⁻¹）失效时间/ms

1150 5600 3.4 15

下载: 导出CSV

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