Experimental study on the effects of venting area on the structural response of vessel walls to methane-air mixture deflagration
-
摘要: 利用自主搭建的泄爆容器结构响应测试系统，开展了不同泄爆面积条件下甲烷-空气预混气体泄爆实验，结合振动加速度、内部超压、火焰演化和信号频率-时间分布等探究了泄爆面积对容器结构响应的影响特征及机制。研究发现：（1）容器振动加速度曲线和内部超压曲线具有相似的变化趋势，两者均存在双峰现象，且两者一一对应，但加速度峰值出现略迟；随着无量纲泄爆系数增大，第1个内部超压和加速度峰值主体为增大趋势，而第2个内部超压和加速度峰值的变化趋势为先减小后增大再减小；（2）火焰未到达泄爆口之前，上部的火焰平均速度随着无量纲泄爆系数增大而减小，无量纲泄爆系数较小时火焰较早从泄爆口喷出；（3）在当前实验条件下，当无量纲泄爆系数为25.00时，热声耦合现象最剧烈，表现为最大幅值的振动响应和最大能量的高频振荡，而随着无量纲泄爆系数进一步增大或者减小，热声耦合现象逐渐衰减。Abstract: To investigate the effects of venting areas on the structural response of the vessel walls to an explosion, a series of vented explosion experiments of a 10% methane-air mixture were carried out in a 1 m3 rectangular vessel with different venting areas. The adjustable area explosion vent was on the top of the rectangular container, and a piece of aluminum membrane bolted with a flange was used as a vent cover. The vibration acceleration rates and internal overpressures were recorded by an acceleration sensor and a pressure sensor, respectively, the flame propagation images were captured by a high-speed camera during deflagration and the frequency-time distributions of signals were obtained by using the short-time fast Fourier transform. The following conclusions could be obtained by analyzing acceleration rates, internal overpressures, flame propagation images and frequency-time distributions of signals. (1) The change trends of vibration acceleration and internal overpressure are similar, and both have obvious double peaks, but the vibration acceleration peak appears slightly later than the overpressure. As the dimensionless coefficient increases, the first peak of internal overpressure and vibration acceleration increases, and the second peak first decreases, then increases, and finally decreases. (2) Two types of structural response with different amplitudes and frequency distributions were observed. The low-amplitude vibrations are triggered by the combined effects of flame initial propagation, Helmholtz-type oscillations, and Taylor instability, while the high-amplitude vibrations are triggered by the coupling of sound waves and flames. (3) Before the flames are ejected from the vent, the average velocities of the upper flames decrease with the increase of the dimensionless coefficient and the flames are ejected from the vent earlier when the dimensionless coefficient is smaller. (4) Under the current experimental conditions, the thermoacoustic coupling phenomenon is the most violent when the dimensionless coefficient is 25.00, as characterized by the maximum amplitude vibration response and maximum energy high-frequency oscillation. As the dimensionless coefficient further increases or decreases, the thermoacoustic coupling phenomenon gradually attenuates.
-
Key words:
- methane explosion /
- venting vessel /
- venting area /
- inner overpressure /
- vibration response
-
图 1 爆炸实验舱及其示意图（AS：加速度传感器；PS：压力传感器）
Figure 1. Real and schematic images of the explosion experimental vessel (AS: acceleration sensor; PS: pressure sensor)
图 2 容器振动加速度及内部超压时程曲线（KV=6.25）
Figure 2. Time history curves of vessel vibration and internal overpressure (KV = 6.25)
表 1 实验工况
Table 1. Experimental condition
实验 泄爆口尺寸/m 泄爆面积/m2 KV 1 0.5×0.4 0.20 5.00 2 0.4×0.4 0.16 6.25 3 0.3×0.4 0.12 8.33 4 0.2×0.4 0.08 12.50 5 0.135×0.4 0.054 18.52 6 0.1×0.4 0.04 25.00 7 0.075×0.4 0.03 33.33 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 段佳, 崔东明, 董刚. 甲烷-空气预混气体泄爆过程的数值模拟与实验验证 [J]. 南京理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2006(1): 26–29. DOI: 10.14177/j.cnki.32-1397n.2006.01.007.DUAN J, CUI D M, DONG G. Numerical simulation and experimental verification of methane-air premixed gas venting process [J]. Journal of the Nanjing University of Science and Technology (Science Edition), 2006(1): 26–29. DOI: 10.14177/j.cnki.32-1397n.2006.01.007. [2] LI J D, HAO H. Numerical and analytical prediction of pressure and impulse from vented gas explosion in large cylindrical tanks [J]. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2019, 127: 226–244. DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2019.05.019. [3] 王发辉, 孙悦, 温小萍, 等. 富氧条件下不同泄爆面积对CH4燃烧诱导快速相变的影响 [J]. 安全与环境学报, 2021, 21(1): 109–116. DOI: 10.13637/j.issn.1009-6094.2019.1238.WANG F H, SUI Y, WEN X P, et al. Effect of different venting areas on combustion-induced rapid phase transition of CH4 under oxygen-enriched conditions [J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2021, 21(1): 109–116. DOI: 10.13637/j.issn.1009-6094.2019.1238. [4] 董冰岩, 彭旭. 泄爆面积对柱形容器泄爆过程压力影响 [J]. 工业安全与环保, 2012, 38(12): 47–51. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-425X.2012.12.016.DONG B Y, PENG X. Influence of venting area on pressure of cylindrical vessel during venting process [J]. Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection, 2012, 38(12): 47–51. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-425X.2012.12.016. [5] LIU W, GUO J, ZHANG J Q, et al. Effect of vent area on vented deflagration of hydrogen-methane-air mixtures [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2021, 41(9): 6992–6999. DOI: 10.1016/J.IJHYDENE.2020.11.123. [6] COOPER M G, FAIRWEATHER M, TITE J P. On the mechanisms of pressure generation in vented explosions [J]. Combustion and Flame, 1986, 65(1): 1–14. DOI: 10.1016/0010-2180(86)90067-2. [7] TOMLIN G, JOHNSON D M, CRONIN P, et al. The effect of vent size and congestion in large-scale vented natural gas/air explosions [J]. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2015, 35. DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2015.04.014. [8] 唐泽斯, 郭进, 张苏, 等. 甲烷-空气预混气体泄爆作用下容器振动响应特性 [J]. 福州大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 48(2): 263–268.TANG Z S, GUO J, ZHANG S, et al. Characteristics of vessel vibration response to methane-air premixed gas venting [J]. Journal of Fuzhou University (Natural Science), 2020, 48(2): 263–268. [9] HUNG C F, LIN B J, HWANG FUU J J, et al. Dynamic response of cylindrical shell structures subjected to underwater explosion [J]. Ocean Engineering, 2009, 36(8). DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2009.02.001. [10] 王敏, 文鹤鸣. 碳纳米管/碳纤维增强复合材料层合板低速冲击响应和破坏的数值模拟 [J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2022, 42(3): 033102. DOI: 10.11883/bzycj-2021-0050.WANG M, WEN H M. Numerical simulation of low velocity impact response and failure of carbon nanotube/carbon fiber reinforced plastic [J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2022, 42(3): 033102. DOI: 10.11883/bzycj-2021-0050. [11] MA H Y, LONG Y, LI X H, et al. Study on vibration characteristics of natural gas pipeline explosion based on improved MP-WVD algorithm [J]. Shock and Vibration, 2018(6): 1–13. DOI: 10.1155/2018/8969675. [12] WANG Q, GONG J, LI Z M, et al. Vibration characteristics analysis of composite double-layer explosive vessel shell subjected to explosion loading [J]. Shock and Vibration, 2018(7): 1–10. DOI: 10.1155/2018/3714798. [13] PINI T, HANSSEN A, SCHIAVETTI M, et al. Small scale experiments and Fe model validation of structural response during hydrogen vented deflagrations [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2019, 44(17): 9063–9070. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.05.052. [14] ATANGA G, LAKSHMIPATHY S, SKJOLD T, et al. Structural response for vented hydrogen deflagrations: coupling CFD and FE tools [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2019, 44(17): 8893–8903. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.08.085. [15] WANG J G, LUO F Y, GUO J, et al. Structural response for vented methane–air deflagrations: effects of volumetric blockage ratio [J]. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2020, 66: 104172. DOI: 10.1016/J.JLP.2020.104172. [16] WANG C H, LI J L, TANG Z S, et al. Flame propagation in methane-air mixtures with transverse concentration gradients in horizontal duct [J]. Fuel, 2020, 265(4): 116926. DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116926. [17] MCCANN D P J, THOMAS G, EDWARDS D H. Gas dynamics of vented explosions: Part Ⅰ: experimental studies [J]. Combustion and Flame, 1985, 59(3): 233–250. [18] BAUWENS C R, CHAFFEE J, DOROFEEV S B. Effect of instabilities and acoustics on pressure generated in vented propane air explosions[C]// 22nd International Colloquium on the Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems, 2009. [19] BAUWENS C R, DOROFEEV S B. Effect of initial turbulence on vented explosion overpressures from lean hydrogen–air deflagrations [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2014, 39(35): 20509. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.04.118. [20] CHAO J, BAUWENS C R, DOROFEEV S B. An analysis of peak overpressures in vented gaseous explosions [J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 2010, 33(2): 2367–2374. DOI: 10.1016/j.proci.2010.06.144. [21] LIANG Z, CLOUTHIER T, MACCOY R, et al. Overview of hydrogen combustion experiments performed in a large-scale vented vessel at Canadian Nuclear Laboratories [J]. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2018, 330: 272–281. DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2018.02.002. [22] SOLBERG D M, PAPPAS J A, SKRAMSTSD E. Observations of flame instabilities in large scale vented gas explosions [J]. Eighteenth Symposium (International) on Combustion, 1980, 18(1): 1607–1617. DOI: 10.1016/S0082-0784(81)80164-6. [23] LI H W, TANG Z S, LI J J, et al. Investigation of vented hydrogen-air deflagrations in a congested vessel [J]. Process Safety and Environment Protection, 2019, 129: 196–201. DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2019.07.009. [24] DHAKAL R P, PAN T C. Response characteristics of structures subjected to blasting-induced ground motion [J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2003, 28(8): 813–28. DOI: 10.1016/S0734-743X(02)00157-4. [25] 郝腾腾. 氢气泄爆作用下超压荷载及结构动力响应规律研究[D]. 合肥: 合肥工业大学, 2020: 40−41. DOI: 10.27101/d.cnki.ghfgu.2020.001735. [26] 汪兴. 细长方形容器内障碍物对氢泄爆特性影响研究[D]. 合肥: 合肥工业大学, 2019: 39−41. [27] RUI S C, WANG Q, CHEN F, et al. Effect of vent area on the vented methane-air deflagrations in a 1 m3 rectangular vessel with and without obstacles [J]. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2021, 74(1): 104642. DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2021.104642. [28] BAO Q, FANG Q, ZHANG Y D, et al. Effects of gas concentration and venting pressure on overpressure transients during vented explosion of methane–air mixtures [J]. Fuel, 2016, 175(7): 40–48. DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2016.01.084. [29] 郝腾腾, 王昌建, 颜王吉, 等. 氢气泄爆作用下结构动力响应特性研究 [J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2020, 40(6): 065401. DOI: 10.11883/bzycj-2019-0412.HAO T T, WANG C J, YAN W J, et al. Study on dynamic response characteristics of structures under hydrogen venting [J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2020, 40(6): 065401. DOI: 10.11883/bzycj-2019-0412. [30] BAUWENS C, CHAFFEE J, DOROFEEV S. Experimental and numerical study of methane–air deflagrations in a vented enclosure[C]// 9th International Symposium on Fire Safety Science. 2008: 1043−1054. DOI: 10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.9-1043. [31] VAN WINGERDEN C J M, ZEEUWEN J P. On the role of acoustically driven flame instabilities in vented gas explosions and their elimination [J]. Combustion and Flame, 1983, 51: 109–111. DOI: 10.1016/0010-2180(83)90088-3. -
图(23) / 表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 330
- HTML全文浏览量: 201
- PDF下载量: 75
- 被引次数: 0